{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T06:13:09Z","timestamp":1790316789305,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,29]],"date-time":"2021-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619654400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    HIV-1 causes millions of deaths around the world. Higher disease progression and mortality are seen in HIV positive individuals with comorbidities. Two of the most pertinent conditions are coinfection with\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                    and Intravenous Drug abuse. The mechanisms involved, however, still remain unresolved. To elucidate the mechanisms involved, we evaluated the genetic alterations in terms of additional nuclear factor kappa B (NF-\u03baB) sites in the long terminal repeat (LTR) of HIV-1 subtype-C isolates from infected human individuals from North India, supposedly acquired by the emerging viral quasi-species in the infected host in presence of these two comorbid conditions. Interestingly the results indicate higher number of NF-\u03baB sites in the viral isolates from HIV-tuberculosis coinfected (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200926, 16 isolates with 3 sites and 10 isolates with 2 sites) and intravenous drug users (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200920, 13 isolates with 3 sites and 7 isolates with 2 sites) compared to the mono-infected hosts (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200930, 10 isolates with 3 sites, 18 isolates with 2 sites, 2 isolates with 1 site). The biological relevance of these alterations in the NF-\u03baB sites within the HIV-1 LTR with respect to viral replicative capacity and HIV disease progression needs to be studied further.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2020.0195","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,14]],"date-time":"2020-12-14T04:04:16Z","timestamp":1607918656000},"page":"380-384","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Short Communication: Acquisition of Additional Nuclear Factor Kappa B Binding Sites in Long Terminal Repeat of Genetically Evolving HIV-1 Subtype C Viral Species in Host with Comorbidities"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Gurleen","family":"Mehta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunopathology and Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aman","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunil K.","family":"Arora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunopathology and Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_7_2_2","first-page":"75","article-title":"HIV diversity, recombination and disease progression: How does fitness \u201cfit\u201d into the puzzle?","volume":"9","author":"Tebit DM","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tebit DM, , Nankya I, , Arts EJ, , Gao Y: HIV diversity, recombination and disease progression: How does fitness \u201cfit\u201d into the puzzle?. 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