{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T12:46:08Z","timestamp":1777380368132,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]],"date-time":"2024-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714521600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The persistence of low human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication in individuals undergoing antiretroviral therapy (ART) still threatens their health. Previous findings have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) could interfere with several steps of the viral life cycle. Herein, we set out to investigate the expression of miR-150, miR-223, miR-382, miR-324-5p, miR-33a-5p, miR-34a, and miR-132 in the whole peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) population from people living with HIV-1 showing different levels of viral suppression. Levels of PBMC-associated miRNAs were analyzed in 30 individuals with undetectable viremia (target not detected) and 30 individuals with detectable low-level viremia (1\u2013200 copies\/mL). In addition, 30 samples from treatment-naive (NAIVE) individuals were investigated. Results were compared to a control group of 28 HIV-negative donors. All miRNAs analyzed were strongly downregulated in the NAIVE population, either compared to the treated group or to controls. Stratification of ART-treated donors according to the therapeutic regimen showed the downregulation of miR-33a-5p in subjects treated with non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors compared with those treated with protease inhibitors. Collectively, the present study shows that uncontrolled viral replication leads to profound miRNA deregulation while treated individuals, irrespective of the degree of viral suppression, and even the types of antiviral drugs seem to be specifically associated with miRNA expression profiles. These evidences suggest that virological suppression could be favored by miRNA modulation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2022.0165","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,31]],"date-time":"2023-07-31T11:57:05Z","timestamp":1690804625000},"page":"321-329","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["MicroRNA Expression Levels in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells from Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Positive Individuals and Relationship with Different Levels of Viral Suppression"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0439-2681","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniele","family":"Di Carlo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy."},{"name":"Pasteur Laboratories, Istituto Pasteur Italia\u2014Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Falasca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy."},{"name":"Transfusion Medicine Unit, \u201cF. Veneziale\u201d Hospital, Isernia, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Mazzuti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy."},{"name":"Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giuliana","family":"Guerrizio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Migliara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Santori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Internal Medicine, Endocrine-Metabolic Sciences and Infectious Diseases, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Lazzaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ivano","family":"Mezzaroma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriella","family":"D'Ettorre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caterina","family":"Fimiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Internal Medicine, Endocrine-Metabolic Sciences and Infectious Diseases, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giancarlo","family":"Iaiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Internal Medicine, Endocrine-Metabolic Sciences and Infectious Diseases, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guido","family":"Antonelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6400-9168","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ombretta","family":"Turriziani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","first-page":"119","article-title":"Novelties in evaluation and monitoring of human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection: Is standard virological suppression enough for measuring antiretroviral treatment success?","volume":"19","author":"Svicher V","year":"2017","unstructured":"Svicher V, , Marchetti G, , Ammassari A, et al. 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