{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T12:24:37Z","timestamp":1777379077715,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]],"date-time":"2024-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704844800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    HIV RNA plasma viral load (VL) is the standard surrogate marker to monitor response to antiretroviral treatment (ART). We compared the linearity, repeatability, and concordance of six commercially available HIV RNA VL platforms using clinical samples from patients from Brazilian sites where different HIV-1 subtypes co-circulate. A total of 150 plasma samples from each city were collected in Curitiba, Southern Brazil (subtype C), S\u00e3o Paulo (subtype B), and Santos (BF recombinants), Southeast Brazil. Platforms were VERSANT\n                    <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                    Siemens HIV RNA 1.0 (kPCR); VERSANT\n                    <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                    Siemens HIV-1 RNA 3.0 (bDNA); Abbott Real-Time HIV-1; NucliSens EasyQ\n                    <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                    HIV-1 v2.0 Biomerieux; COBAS\n                    <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                    TaqMan\n                    <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                    , Roche; and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">artus<\/jats:italic>\n                    HIV Virus-1 RT-PCR, QIAGEN. OptiQuant HIV-1 RNA quantification panel was used to compare VL linearity, using samples containing 50, 500,5,000, 50,000, 500,000, and 5,000,000 HIV copies\/mL. HIV RNA panels with subtypes A, B, C, D, F, G, H, circulating recombinant form (CRF)1, and CRF2 were utilized. A high degree of linearity and repeatability was demonstrated for all platforms. When compared with a subtype B reference sample, 17 of 54 (31.48%) samples diverged by more than 0.5 log\n                    <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                    copies\/mL. Except for the Roche platform, all platforms underestimated subtype C VLs. A total of 743 (82.6%) valid results were obtained with samples from S\u00e3o Paulo, 707 (78.6%) from Santos, and 673 (74.8%) from Curitiba (S\u00e3o Paulo vs. Santos,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = .03; S\u00e3o Paulo vs. Curitiba,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = .00006; Santos vs. Curitiba,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = .06). The number of discordant samples between different methodologies when VL was undetectable in one method and detectable in the other ranged from 1.25% (Abbot vs. Siemens) to 44.8% (Abbott vs. Biomerieux). Finding samples with undetectable VL in one method and a high VL in another might have important individual and public health consequences. Standardization of VL measurements, particularly for non-B subtypes infections, especially subtype C, is necessary to maximize the individual and public health benefits of ART globally.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2024.0055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]],"date-time":"2024-10-28T10:01:46Z","timestamp":1730109706000},"page":"60-65","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparison of the Performance of Commercially Available Quantitative Viral Load Assays Using Clinical Samples from Patients from Regions Where Distinct HIV-1 Subtypes Co-Circulate: Potential Implications for Patient Management"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Maria Cecilia Araripe","family":"Sucupira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Division, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mauro","family":"Schechter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Division, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."},{"name":"Infectious and Parasitic Diseases Department, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adauto","family":"Castelo Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Division, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fernanda","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Division, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lilian Amaral","family":"Inoc\u00eancio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Division, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Denise Ferreira de","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Division, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8395-7304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo Sobhie","family":"Diaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Division, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0081355"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/L16-0091"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-11-251"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/COH.0000000000000298"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_6_2","unstructured":"Panel on Antiretroviral Guidelines for Adults and Adolescents. Guidelines for the use of antiretroviral agents in adults and adolescents with HIV. Department of Health and Human Services. Available from: https:\/\/clinicalinfo.hiv.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/guidelines\/documents\/ AdultandAdolescentGL.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.286.2.171"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit529"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.17025"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_10_2","unstructured":"European AIDS clinical society guidelines version 10.1. Available from: https:\/\/www.eacsociety.org\/media\/guidelines-10.1_finaljan2021_1.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_11_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. (2021). Consolidated guidelines on HIV prevention testing treatment service delivery and monitoring: Recommendations for a public health approach 2021 update. World Health Organization. Available from: https:\/\/iris.who.int\/handle\/10665\/342899 Licen\u00e7a: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1600693"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.5148"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)30418-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(18)30132-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200003303421303"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/s0074-02762008000800010"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.25032"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2008.0020"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2010.0023"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.7.3361-3367.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00126334-200212150-00006"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199910010-00022"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1096-9071(200012)62:4<445::aid-jmv8>3.0.co;2-n"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.20071"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/088922299311556"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.127113"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002437"}],"container-title":["AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/aid.2024.0055","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/aid.2024.0055","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/aid.2024.0055","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T09:13:07Z","timestamp":1777367587000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/aid.2024.0055"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/aid.2024.0055"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/aid.2024.0055","relation":{},"ISSN":["0889-2229","1931-8405"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0889-2229","type":"print"},{"value":"1931-8405","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]]}}}