{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T13:02:00Z","timestamp":1777554120501,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["AIDS Patient Care and STDs"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Syphilis rates have continued to rise in the United States. Florida and Louisiana consistently report high numbers of cases. We evaluated rates of reinfection to see if frequent rescreening might lead to earlier treatment and prevent infections. All syphilis records of all stages for males and females aged 15\u201370 years from the Florida and Louisiana Departments of Health surveillance databases 2000\u20132018 were evaluated. The first episode of syphilis during this period was considered the initial diagnosis for each person. Demographics of cases and repeaters (individuals reported with two or more cases of syphilis) were examined. Percentages of syphilis cases from repeaters by year were calculated as were percentages from HIV+ males. During 2000\u20132018, 124,827 syphilis cases were reported from 107,405 individuals: 73,811 (68.7%) males; 33,594 (31.3%) females. There were 12,545 individuals (repeaters) with two or more syphilis diagnoses (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200917,422 cases; range, 2\u201310). From 2010 to 2018, repeaters accounted for steadily increasing percentage of all syphilis reported: 2010 (11%), 2013 (16%), 2015 (20%), and 2018 (26%). Among HIV+ male cases the percentage from repeaters also increased: 2010 (28%), 2013 (35%), 2015 (42%), and 2018 (50%). In 2018, 19% of all cases (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20092455) were from HIV+ males who had a previous syphilis diagnosis. Among HIV+ males diagnosed with syphilis in 2015, 34% had a repeat syphilis diagnosis within 3 years. Most syphilis diagnosed in Florida and Louisiana was among persons infected for the first time. However, some subgroups could possibly benefit from more frequent screening. Males living with HIV who had a prior syphilis diagnosis were at very high risk of repeat infection.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2021.0081","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,5]],"date-time":"2021-11-05T15:58:41Z","timestamp":1636127921000},"page":"435-440","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Repeat Syphilis Among HIV-Infected Men in Florida and Louisiana 2000\u20132018: Implications for Screening Recommendations"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9932-8940","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel R.","family":"Newman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of STD Prevention, National Center for HIV, Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Matthias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of STD Prevention, National Center for HIV, Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA."},{"name":"Florida Department of Health, Tallahassee, Florida, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad M.","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of STD Prevention, National Center for HIV, Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA."},{"name":"Louisiana Department of Health-STD\/HIV\/Hepatitis Program, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antoine","family":"Brantley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Louisiana Department of Health-STD\/HIV\/Hepatitis Program, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA."},{"name":"Michigan Department of Health and Human Services, Lansing, Michigan, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas A.","family":"Peterman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of STD Prevention, National Center for HIV, Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . The National Plan to eliminate syphilis from the United States . Atlanta GA : US Department of Health and Human Services CD C National Center of HIV ST D and TB Prevention 1999. Available at: http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/stopsyphilis\/plan.pdf (Last accessed February1 2021)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","first-page":"971","article-title":"Primary and secondary syphilis: United States, 2000\u20132001","volume":"51","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2002","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Primary and secondary syphilis: United States, 2000\u20132001. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, 2002; 51:971\u2013973.","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e3181e9afc7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance. 2018. Atlanta GA: US Department of Health and Human Services 2019. Available at: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/std\/stats\/archive.htm (Last accessed February5 2021)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000180456.15861.92"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000180459.61712.bd"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000180455.79024.e9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199512213332502"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.5824"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e3181fe650b"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PHH.0b013e318200f8da"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","unstructured":"SAS (Statistical Analysis Software). SAS Institute Inc. Cary NC. Available at: https:\/\/sas.com (Last accessed February10 2021)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","unstructured":"R Core Team . R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing Vienna Austria 2021. Available at: https:\/\/www.R-project.org\/ (Last accessed March3 2021)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","unstructured":"RStudio Team . RStudio: Integrated development environment for R . Boston MA : RStudio PBC 2021. Available at: www.rstudio.com\/ (Last accessed March5 2021)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wickham H. ggplot2: Elegant graphics for data analysis. New York: Springer-Verlag 2009. Available at: http:\/\/ggplot2.org (Last accessed March11 2021).","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-98141-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","unstructured":"Kernai R Lukehart S Stenger M et al. Is early latent syphilis more likely in patients with a prior syphilis infection? Paper presented at: 18th International Society for STD Research London United Kingdom 2009. 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