{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T07:12:44Z","timestamp":1790233964278,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,1]],"date-time":"2014-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1414800000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants &amp; Redox Signaling"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Aims:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    An increased kidney cancer risk was found in hypertensive patients, who frequently exhibit hyperaldosteronism, known to contribute to kidney injury, with oxidative stress playing an important role. The capacity of kidney cells to up-regulate transcription factor nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a key regulator of the cellular antioxidative defense, as a prevention of aldosterone-induced oxidative damage was investigated both\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Results:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Aldosterone activated Nrf2 and increased the expression of enzymes involved in glutathione (GSH) synthesis and detoxification. This activation depended on the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) and oxidative stress.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">In vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    , Nrf2 activation, GSH amounts, and target gene levels decreased after 24\u2009h, while oxidant levels remained high. Nrf2 activation could not protect cells against oxidative DNA damage, as aldosterone-induced double-strand breaks and 7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-guanine (8-oxodG) lesions steadily rose. The Nrf2 activator sulforaphane enhanced the Nrf2 response both\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    , thereby preventing aldosterone-induced DNA damage.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">In vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    , Nrf2 activation further had beneficial effects on the aldosterone-caused blood pressure increase and loss of kidney function.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Innovation:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    This is the first study showing the activation of Nrf2 by aldosterone. Moreover, the results identify sulforaphane as a substance that is capable of preventing aldosterone-induced damage both\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Conclusion:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Aldosterone-induced Nrf2 adaptive response cannot neutralize oxidative actions of chronically increased aldosterone, which, therefore could be causally involved in the increased cancer incidence of hypertensive individuals. Enhancing the cellular antioxidative defense with sulforaphane might exhibit beneficial effects.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Antioxid. Redox Signal<\/jats:italic>\n                    . 21, 2126\u20132142.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2013.5565","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,10]],"date-time":"2014-02-10T10:09:42Z","timestamp":1392026982000},"page":"2126-2142","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Aldosterone Activates Transcription Factor Nrf2 in Kidney Cells Both\n                    <i>In Vitro<\/i>\n                    and\n                    <i>In Vivo<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Nina","family":"Queisser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of W\u00fcrzburg","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia I.","family":"Oteiza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Link","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of W\u00fcrzburg","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentin","family":"Hey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of W\u00fcrzburg","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helga","family":"Stopper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of W\u00fcrzburg","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Schupp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of W\u00fcrzburg","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/taap.2001.9176"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2523"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(76)90527-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.014340-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.189141"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms14022684"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)48474-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2005.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/niox.1996.0113"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000346948"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M312492200"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(20011101)92:9<2462::AID-CNCR1596>3.0.CO;2-L"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2008.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvp031"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2003.01821.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00159.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2006.8.1249"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2011.09.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.86.5.494"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(02)01049-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/cbt.7.1.5120"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2000.00981.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1291\/hypres.31.363"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.220418997"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08467"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1210868"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1089-8603(02)00117-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00421.2009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","first-page":"9","article-title":"The Bradford method for protein quantitation","volume":"32","author":"Kruger NJ","year":"1994","unstructured":"Kruger NJ. 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