{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T23:59:35Z","timestamp":1792022375636,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,1]],"date-time":"2014-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1409529600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants &amp; Redox Signaling"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Considerable data implicate oxidative damage in influenza pathogenesis. We examined temporal changes in oxidative damage using accurate biomarkers in an adult cohort with acute influenza infection and their relationships with clinical parameters. Clinical information and blood samples were collected during their acute illness and 3 months later. A fatigue questionnaire was administered 3 months following influenza infection. Thirty-five patients (mean age, 34 years) with polymerase chain reaction-confirmed influenza A infection were included; all patients returned for follow-up assessments. Adjusted levels of plasma F\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    -isoprostanes, total hydroxyeicosatetraenoic products (HETEs), 7\u03b2-hydroxycholesterol and 7-ketocholesterol, serum gamma-glutamyltransferase, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were increased during the acute illness compared with age-matched controls. Despite clinical recovery, levels of these biomarkers remained higher at month 3 compared with controls. A proportion of patients had persistent symptoms such as fatigue (23%), myalgia (14%), and arthralgia (11%) at month 3. Patients with significant fatigue had higher baseline levels of plasma F\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    -isoprostanes, F\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    -neuroprostanes, and total HETEs compared to those without fatigue. By contrast, patients with persistent arthralgia and myalgia had higher baseline levels of serum hsCRP compared to those without these symptoms. Our observations lead to the hypothesis that oxidative damage participates in the pathogenesis of influenza infection and postinfectious fatigue.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Antioxid. Redox Signal.<\/jats:italic>\n                    21, 1025\u20131031.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2014.5907","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,27]],"date-time":"2014-03-27T11:40:37Z","timestamp":1395920437000},"page":"1025-1031","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Does Influenza A Infection Increase Oxidative Damage?"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Mary P.E.","family":"Ng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National University of Singapore","place":["Singapore"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jetty C.Y.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Hong Kong","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wai Mun","family":"Loke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanyang Polytechnic","place":["Singapore"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonard L.L.","family":"Yeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National University Health System","place":["Singapore"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy M.L.","family":"Quek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National University Health System","place":["Singapore"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erle C.H.","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National University of Singapore","place":["Singapore"]},{"name":"National University Health System","place":["Singapore"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barry","family":"Halliwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National University of Singapore","place":["Singapore"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raymond Chee-Seong","family":"Seet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National University of Singapore","place":["Singapore"]},{"name":"National University Health System","place":["Singapore"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(93)90143-I"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3999(93)90081-P"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","first-page":"1033","article-title":"The relationships between clinical outcome and the levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and coenzyme Q (CoQ10) in children with pandemic influenza (H1N1) and seasonal flu","volume":"16","author":"Kelekci S","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kelekci S, , Evliyaoglu O, , Sen V, , Yolbas I, , Uluca U, , Tan I, , and Gurkan MF. The relationships between clinical outcome and the levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and coenzyme Q (CoQ10) in children with pandemic influenza (H1N1) and seasonal flu. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci, 16: 1033\u20131038, 2012.","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10715760410001694026"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medin.2011.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1752-7155\/4\/2\/026001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2009.04.035"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2011.03.019"}],"container-title":["Antioxidants &amp; Redox Signaling"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/ars.2014.5907","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/ars.2014.5907","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/ars.2014.5907","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T11:52:20Z","timestamp":1777377140000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/ars.2014.5907"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/ars.2014.5907"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/ars.2014.5907","relation":{},"ISSN":["1523-0864","1557-7716"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1523-0864","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-7716","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]}}}