{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T06:55:26Z","timestamp":1790664926717,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":110,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants &amp; Redox Signaling"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Significance:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    An early hallmark in the development of type 2 diabetes is the resistance to the effect of insulin in skeletal muscle and in the heart. Since mitochondrial function was found to be diminished in patients with type 2 diabetes, it was suggested that this defect might be involved in the etiology of insulin resistance. Although several hypotheses were suggested, yet unclear is the mechanistic link between these two phenomena.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Recent Advances:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Herein, we review the evidence for disturbances in mitochondrial function in skeletal muscle and the heart in the diabetic state. Also the mechanisms involved in improving mitochondrial function are considered and, whenever possible, human data is cited.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Critical Issues:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Reported evidence shows that interventions that improve skeletal muscle mitochondrial function also improve insulin sensitivity in humans. In the heart, available data from animal studies suggests that enhancement of mitochondrial function can reverse aging-induced changes in heart function, and can be protective against cardiomyopathy and heart failure.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Future Directions:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Mitochondria and their functions can be targeted with the aim of improving skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity and cardiac function. However, human clinical intervention studies are needed to fully substantiate the potential of mitochondria as a target to prevent cardiometabolic disease.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Antioxid. Redox Signal.<\/jats:italic>\n                    24, 39\u201351.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2015.6291","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,27]],"date-time":"2015-03-27T04:16:58Z","timestamp":1427429818000},"page":"39-51","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Mitochondrial Function and Diabetes: Consequences for Skeletal and Cardiac Muscle Metabolism"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Vera B.","family":"Schrauwen-Hinderling","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Maastricht University Medical Center","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Maastricht University Medical Center","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Maastricht University Medical Center","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianne Eline","family":"Kooi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maastricht University Medical Center","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Maastricht University Medical Center","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Maastricht University Medical Center","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Schrauwen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maastricht University Medical Center","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Maastricht University Medical Center","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.90287.2008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.14-255901"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.07.031"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI37048"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1474-9726.2007.00357.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","first-page":"109","article-title":"Metabolic stress and disorders related to alterations in mitochondrial fission or fusion","volume":"5","author":"Babbar M","year":"2013","unstructured":"Babbar M, and Sheikh MS. 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