{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T03:46:27Z","timestamp":1777434387163,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,1]],"date-time":"2016-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1475280000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,1]],"date-time":"2016-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1475280000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants &amp; Redox Signaling"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Aims:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Myopathy, characterized by mitochondrial oxidative stress, occurs in \u223c10% of statin-treated patients, and a major risk exists with potent statins such as rosuvastatin (Rvs). We sought to determine whether a peculiar branched-chain amino acid-enriched mixture (BCAAem), found to improve mitochondrial function and reduce oxidative stress in muscle of middle-aged mice, was able to prevent Rvs myopathy.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Results:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    Dietary supplementation of BCAAem was able to prevent the structural and functional alterations of muscle induced by Rvs in young mice. Rvs-increased plasma 3-methylhistidine (a marker of muscular protein degradation) was prevented by BCAAem. This was obtained without changes of Rvs ability to reduce cholesterol and triglyceride levels in blood. Rather, BCAAem promotes\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">de novo<\/jats:italic>\n                    protein synthesis and reduces proteolysis in cultured myotubes. Morphological alterations of C2C12 cells induced by statin were counteracted by amino acids, as were the Rvs-increased atrogin-1 mRNA and protein levels. Moreover, BCAAem maintained mitochondrial mass and density and citrate synthase activity in skeletal muscle of Rvs-treated mice beside oxygen consumption and ATP levels in C2C12 cells exposed to statin. Notably, BCAAem assisted Rvs to reduce oxidative stress and to increase the anti-reactive oxygen species (ROS) defense system in skeletal muscle.\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Innovation and Conclusions:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                    The complex interplay between proteostasis and antioxidant properties may underlie the mechanism by which a specific amino acid formula preserves mitochondrial efficiency and muscle health in Rvs-treated mice. Strategies aimed at promoting protein balance and controlling mitochondrial ROS level may be used as therapeutics for the treatment of muscular diseases involving mitochondrial dysfunction, such as statin myopathy.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Antioxid. Redox Signal.<\/jats:italic>\n                    25, 595\u2013608.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2015.6582","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,1]],"date-time":"2016-06-01T07:05:11Z","timestamp":1464764711000},"page":"595-608","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["A Peculiar Formula of Essential Amino Acids Prevents Rosuvastatin Myopathy in Mice"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"D'Antona","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pavia University","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Tedesco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Milan University","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Ruocco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Milan University","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Corsetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brescia University","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Ragni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Milan University","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Fossati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Milan University","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Saba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brescia University","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Fenaroli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brescia University","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mery","family":"Montinaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brescia University","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michele O.","family":"Carruba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Milan University","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Valerio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brescia University","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Enzo","family":"Nisoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Milan University","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/an.111.000737"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2008.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/341603"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2004.01048.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCO.0b013e328336f6b8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2014.458"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2015.07.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14017431.2012.756119"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2015.04.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00107.2011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.23309"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10557-005-5686-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.08-128843"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-2697(02)00243-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-014-1772-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2010.08.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.23465"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","first-page":"25","article-title":"Comprehensive effects of supplemented essential amino acids in patients with severe COPD and sarcopenia","volume":"73","author":"Dal Negro RW","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dal Negro RW, , Aquilani R, , Bertacco S, , Boschi F, , Micheletto C, , and Tognella S. 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