{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T06:43:07Z","timestamp":1791614587418,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":117,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,18]],"date-time":"2021-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634515200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants &amp; Redox Signaling"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Significance:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Hydrogen sulfide (H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      S) is one of the three main gasotransmitters that are endogenously produced in humans and are protective against oxidative stress. Recent findings from studies focusing on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), shifted our attention to a potentially modulatory role of H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      S in this viral respiratory disease.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Recent Advances:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      S levels at hospital admission may be of importance since this gasotransmitter has been shown to be protective against lung damage through its antiviral, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory actions. Furthermore, many COVID-19 cases have been described demonstrating remarkable clinical improvement upon administration of high doses of N-acetylcysteine (NAC). NAC is a renowned pharmacological antioxidant substance acting as a source of cysteine, thereby promoting endogenous glutathione (GSH) biosynthesis as well as generation of sulfane sulfur species when desulfurated to H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      S.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Critical Issues:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Combining H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      S physiology and currently available knowledge of COVID-19, H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      S is hypothesized to target three main vulnerabilities of SARS-CoV-2: (i) cell entry through interfering with functional host receptors, (ii) viral replication through acting on RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), and (iii) the escalation of inflammation to a potentially lethal hyperinflammatory cytokine storm (toll-like receptor 4 [TLR4] pathway and NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 [NLRP3] inflammasome).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Future Directions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Dissecting the breakdown of NAC reveals the possibility of increasing endogenous H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      S levels, which may provide a convenient rationale for the application of H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      S-targeted therapeutics. Further randomized-controlled trials are warranted to investigate its definitive role.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2020.8247","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,20]],"date-time":"2021-02-20T02:04:19Z","timestamp":1613786659000},"page":"1207-1225","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["N-Acetylcysteine and Hydrogen Sulfide in Coronavirus Disease 2019"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Arno R.","family":"Bourgonje","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annette K.","family":"Offringa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology and System Biology, Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research, Zeist, the Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Larissa E.","family":"van Eijk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amaal E.","family":"Abdulle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan-Luuk","family":"Hillebrands","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter H.J.","family":"van der Voort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harry","family":"van Goor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ed J.","family":"van Hezik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Visiting Consultant Chest Physician, formerly Walcheren Hospital, Vlissingen, the Netherlands."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19124121"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.mie.2014.11.042"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-01311-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1443"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0706906"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2019.05.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2017-0114TR"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep41029"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(00)00380-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.04.026"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.5471"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2020.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-020-00421-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2009.2882"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M117.806869"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2018.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.15230"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2017.7083"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1509277112"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-019-1579-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s10020-020-00216-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","first-page":"109","article-title":"Medicated aerosols; on the aleudrine-adrianol association; experimental and clinical results [in French]","volume":"76","author":"Dautrebande L","year":"1948","unstructured":"Dautrebande L. Medicated aerosols; on the aleudrine-adrianol association; experimental and clinical results [in French]. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther, 76: 109\u2013116, 1948.","journal-title":"Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202001807"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2362.2000.00736.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-020-01462-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/openhrt-2017-000600"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000139029"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12192-020-01120-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2018.01.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1413390111"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1115634109"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abb7498"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-020-02880-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MNH.0000000000000206"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.06-7407com"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5811\/westjem.2012.4.6885"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2012.5041"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1570"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12990-015-0023-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2014.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2017.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_2","first-page":"693","article-title":"Dexamethasone in hospitalized patients with Covid-19\u2014preliminary report","volume":"384","author":"Horby P","year":"2020","unstructured":"Horby P, , Lim WS, , Emberson JR, , Mafham M, , Bell JL, , Linsell L, , Staplin N, , Brightling C, , Ustianowski A, , Elmahi E, , Prudon B, , Green C, , Felton T, , Chadwick D, , Rege K, , Fegan C, , Chappell LC, , Faust SN, , Jaki T, , Jeffery K, , Montgomery A, , Rowan K, , Juszczak E, , Baillie JK, , Haynes R, , and Landray MJ; RECOVERY Collaborative Group. Dexamethasone in hospitalized patients with Covid-19\u2014preliminary report. N Engl J Med, 384: 693\u2013704, 2020.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmcr.2020.101063"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9090856"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2020.108544"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2015-0385OC"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.cad.0000176502.40810.b0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2009.2956"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24071359"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2183\/pjab.91.131"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-016-1600-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-11004-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.12-226415"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2020.04.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2013.09.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.120.314084"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2017.10.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2018.08.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-17665-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00264-15"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.142810"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3181\/0712-RM-354"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2017.00782"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.14330"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2009.07.038"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/8102936"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2005.08.033"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00607-2020"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.103026"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.307819"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.103344"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.111.240242"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2006.03.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.196352"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2017.11.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jof4040117"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0019766"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_79_2","first-page":"3679","article-title":"Hypoxia and reoxygenation induce endothelial nitric oxide synthase uncoupling in endothelial cells through tetrahydrobiopterin depletion and S-glutathionylation","volume":"53","author":"De Pascali F","year":"2014","unstructured":"De Pascali F, , Hemann C, , Samons K, , Chen CA, , and Zweier JL. Hypoxia and reoxygenation induce endothelial nitric oxide synthase uncoupling in endothelial cells through tetrahydrobiopterin depletion and S-glutathionylation. Biochemistry 2014, 53: 3679\u20133688, 2014.","journal-title":"Biochemistry 2014"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibs.2015.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.109862"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_82_2","first-page":"491","article-title":"Case report: use of hydroxychloroquine and N-acetylcysteine for treatment of a COVID-19 positive patient [version 1; peer review: awaiting peer review]","volume":"9","author":"Puyo C","year":"2020","unstructured":"Puyo C, , Kreig D, , Saddi V, , Ansari E, , and Prince O. Case report: use of hydroxychloroquine and N-acetylcysteine for treatment of a COVID-19 positive patient [version 1; peer review: awaiting peer review]. F1000Research, 9: 491, 2020.","journal-title":"F1000Research"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2018.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0000000000001562"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.110.003483"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2011.10.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healun.2020.03.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_88_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201802418R"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-008-0202-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_90_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.114.04281"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_91_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.115.06624"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_92_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-0868-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_93_2","first-page":"8","article-title":"N-acetylcysteine prevents programmed hypertension in male rat offspring born to suramin-treated mothers","volume":"95","author":"Tain YL","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tain YL, , Hsu CN, , Lee CT, , Lin YJ, , and Tsai CC. N-acetylcysteine prevents programmed hypertension in male rat offspring born to suramin-treated mothers. Biol Reprod 2016, 95: 8, 2016.","journal-title":"Biol Reprod 2016"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_94_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cyto.1996.0109"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_95_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00024382-200204000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_96_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2010.01119.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_97_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1308487110"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_98_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.140327"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_99_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20070104"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_100_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20200678"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_101_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2017.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_102_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00017.2011"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_103_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-010-1761-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_104_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20110267"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_105_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.12839"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_106_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abb2507"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_107_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/758678"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_108_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2020.108234"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_109_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00187.2020"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_110_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1162667"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_111_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-019-0431-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_112_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-019-1413-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_113_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2020.1780953"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_114_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.06-6270fje"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_115_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biom10020323"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_116_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000453210"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_117_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.01215-12"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_118_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-017-2529-8"}],"container-title":["Antioxidants &amp; Redox Signaling"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/ars.2020.8247","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/ars.2020.8247","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/ars.2020.8247","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T11:54:31Z","timestamp":1777377271000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/ars.2020.8247"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,18]]},"references-count":117,"journal-issue":{"issue":"14","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/ars.2020.8247"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/ars.2020.8247","relation":{},"ISSN":["1523-0864","1557-7716"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1523-0864","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-7716","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,18]]}}}