{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T13:11:25Z","timestamp":1784380285814,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"16-18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,1]],"date-time":"2022-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654041600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants &amp; Redox Signaling"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction play a role in the process of skin photoaging\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">via<\/jats:italic>\n                      activation of matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) and the subsequent degradation of collagen. The activation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a transcription factor controlling antioxidant and cytoprotective defense systems, might offer a pharmacological approach to prevent skin photoaging. We therefore investigated a pharmacological approach to prevent skin photoaging, and also investigated a protective effect of the novel mitochondria-targeted hydrogen sulfide (H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      S) delivery molecules AP39 and AP123, and nontargeted control molecules, on ultraviolet A light (UVA)-induced photoaging in normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs)\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      and the skin of BALB\/c mice\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In NHDFs, AP39 and AP123 (50\u2013200\u2009n\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) but not nontargeted controls suppressed UVA (8\u2009J\/cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      )-mediated cytotoxicity and induction of MMP-1 activity, preserved cellular bioenergetics, and increased the expression of collagen and nuclear levels of Nrf2. In\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      experiments, topical application of AP39 or AP123 (0.3\u20131\u2009\u03bc\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M<\/jats:italic>\n                      \/cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ; but not nontargeted control molecules) to mouse skin before UVA (60\u2009J\/cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) irradiation prevented skin thickening, MMP induction, collagen loss of oxidative stress markers 8-hydroxy-2\u2032-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), increased Nrf2-dependent signaling, as well as increased manganese superoxide dismutase levels and levels of the mitochondrial biogenesis marker peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator (PGC-1\u03b1).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Innovation and Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Targeting H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      S delivery to mitochondria may represent a novel approach for the prevention and treatment of skin photoaging, as well as being useful tools for determining the role of mitochondrial H\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      S in skin disorders and aging.\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Antioxid. Redox Signal<\/jats:italic>\n                      . 36, 1268\u20131288.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2020.8255","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,8]],"date-time":"2021-07-08T05:36:25Z","timestamp":1625722585000},"page":"1268-1288","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Mitochondria-Targeted Hydrogen Sulfide Delivery Molecules Protect Against UVA-Induced Photoaging in Human Dermal Fibroblasts, and in Mouse Skin\n                    <i>In Vivo<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Jinapath","family":"Lohakul","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saowanee","family":"Jeayeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anyamanee","family":"Chaiprasongsuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Public Health, HRH Princess Chulabhorn College of Medical Science, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Torregrossa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, United Kingdom."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark. 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