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Among various reasons, impaired sperm function is the main cause for male infertility. Furthermore, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress due to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, particularly of mitochondrial origin, are believed to be the main contributors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Recent Advances:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mitochondrial dysfunction, particularly due to increased ROS production, has often been linked to impaired sperm function\/quality. For decades, different methods and approaches have been developed to assess mitochondrial features that might correlate with sperm functionality. This connection is now completely accepted, with mitochondrial functionality assessment used more commonly as a readout of sperm functionality. More recently, mitochondria-targeted compounds are on the frontline for both assessment and therapeutic approaches.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Critical Issues:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this review, we summarize the current methods for assessing key mitochondrial parameters known to reflect sperm quality as well as therapeutic strategies using mitochondria-targeted antioxidants aiming to improve sperm function in various situations, particularly after sperm cryopreservation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Future Directions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Although more systematic research is needed, mitochondria-targeted compounds definitely represent a promising tool to assess as well as to protect and improve sperm function.\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Antioxid. Redox Signal<\/jats:italic>\n                      . 37, 451\u2013480.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2021.0238","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T01:23:04Z","timestamp":1638321784000},"page":"451-480","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Mitochondria-Targeted Compounds to Assess and Improve Human Sperm Function"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Sara","family":"Escada-Rebelo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"PhD Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal."},{"name":"Biology of Reproduction and Stem Cell Group, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal."},{"name":"IIIUC - Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Casa Costa Alem\u00e3o, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria In\u00eas","family":"Cristo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology of Reproduction and Stem Cell Group, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1172-4018","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Ramalho-Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology of Reproduction and Stem Cell Group, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal."},{"name":"Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Amaral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology of Reproduction and Stem Cell Group, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal."},{"name":"IIIUC - Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Casa Costa Alem\u00e3o, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2013.11.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2015.05.042"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2007.00559.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","first-page":"195","article-title":"Oxidative stress measurement in patients with male or female factor infertility","volume":"661","author":"Agarwal A","year":"2008","unstructured":"Agarwal A, , Cocuzza M, , Abdelrazik H, , and Sharma RK. 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