{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T18:03:27Z","timestamp":1791482607414,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4-6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]],"date-time":"2024-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722470400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antioxidants &amp; Redox Signaling"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is closely related to low back pain, which is a prevalent age-related problem worldwide; however, the mechanism underlying IDD is unknown. Glutamine, a free amino acid prevalent in plasma, is recognized for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties in various diseases, and the current study aims to clarify the effect and mechanism of glutamine in IDD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A synergistic interplay was observed between pyroptosis and ferroptosis within degenerated human disc specimens. Glutamine significantly mitigated IDD in both\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ex vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      experimental models. Moreover, glutamine protected nucleus pulposus (NP) cells after tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP)-induced pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Glutamine protected NP cells from TBHP-induced ferroptosis by promoting the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) accumulation by inhibiting its ubiquitin\u2013proteasome degradation and inhibiting lipid oxidation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Innovation and Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A direct correlation is evident in the progression of IDD between the processes of pyroptosis and ferroptosis. Glutamine suppressed oxidative stress-induced cellular processes, including pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and ECM degradation through deubiquitinating Nrf2 and inhibiting lipid oxidation in NP cells. Glutamine is a promising novel therapeutic target for the management of IDD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2023.0384","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,20]],"date-time":"2024-03-20T02:55:10Z","timestamp":1710903310000},"page":"278-295","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Glutamine Mitigates Oxidative Stress-Induced Matrix Degradation, Ferroptosis, and Pyroptosis in Nucleus Pulposus Cells via Deubiquitinating and Stabilizing Nrf2"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Jiajun","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China."},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weitao","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China."},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yangyang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China."},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuangxing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China."},{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital Shenshan Central Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shanwei, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianyu","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China."},{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengqi","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China."},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China."},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China."},{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuliang","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China."},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanli","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China."},{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China."},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China."},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2908-1305","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China."},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200007010-00005"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000231761.73859.2c"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0163-7258(90)90094-i"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1811050"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.80725"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10555-012-9384-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2021.02.204"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.07.040"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15384101.2021.1973707"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2020.8243"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2009.358"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-023-01786-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2012.03.042"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/msb.2013.65"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2020-103596"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2022.109001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-017-4523-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2014.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-204428"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41418-022-00966-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2022.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10030288"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2023.04.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2018.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2010.08.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(21)00733-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cpr.13368"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20220082"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-022-01002-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.44.2.155"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2023.110678"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2018.06.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2020.01.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2020.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar629"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2023.114708"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41417-022-00497-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/o79-029"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-27948-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2021.803132"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202207216"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154762"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.30039"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/131.9.2449S"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/3403009"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2023.03.024"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2020.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2020.08.029"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2022.09.073"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41422-018-0090-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2023.102707"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15384101.2023.2200291"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41413-022-00200-5"}],"container-title":["Antioxidants &amp; Redox Signaling"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/ars.2023.0384","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/ars.2023.0384","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/ars.2023.0384","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T11:55:55Z","timestamp":1777377355000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/ars.2023.0384"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4-6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/ars.2023.0384"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/ars.2023.0384","relation":{},"ISSN":["1523-0864","1557-7716"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1523-0864","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-7716","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]}}}