{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T09:21:04Z","timestamp":1790500864112,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,30]],"date-time":"2018-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1540857600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Astrobiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Submarine hydrothermal vents are inhabited by a variety of microorganisms capable of tolerating environmental extremes, making them ideal candidates to further expand our knowledge of the limitations for terrestrial life, including their ability to survive the exposure of spaceflight-relevant conditions. The spore resistance of two\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Bacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. strains, APA and SBP3, isolated from two shallow vents off Panarea Island (Aeolian Islands, Italy), to artificial and environmental stressors (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">i.e.<\/jats:italic>\n                    , UVC radiation, X-rays, heat, space vacuum, hydrogen peroxide [H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ], and low-pressure plasma), was compared with that of two close phylogenetic relatives (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Bacillus horneckiae<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Bacillus oceanisediminis<\/jats:italic>\n                    ). Additional comparisons were made with\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Bacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. isolated from spacecraft assembly facilities (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">B. horneckiae<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Bacillus pumilus<\/jats:italic>\n                    SAFR-032, and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Bacillus nealsonii<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) and the biodosimetry strain and space microbiology model organism\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Bacillus subtilis<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Overall, a high degree of spore resistance to stressors was observed for the strains isolated from spacecraft assembly facilities, with an exceptional level of resistance seen by\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">B. pumilus<\/jats:italic>\n                    SAFR-032. The environmental isolate SBP3 showed a more robust spore resistance to UVC, X-rays, H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    , dry heat, and space vacuum than the closely related\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">B. horneckiae.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Both strains (SBP3 and APA) were more thermotolerant than their relatives,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">B. horneckiae<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">B. oceanisediminis<\/jats:italic>\n                    , respectively. SBP3 may have a novel use as a bacterial model organism for future interrogations into the potential of forward contamination in extraterrestrial environments (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">e.g.<\/jats:italic>\n                    , icy moons of Jupiter or Saturn), spacecraft sterilization and, broadly, microbial responses to spaceflight-relevant environmental stressors.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/ast.2017.1715","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,5]],"date-time":"2018-10-05T11:20:25Z","timestamp":1538738425000},"page":"1425-1434","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Comparing Spore Resistance of\n                    <i>Bacillus<\/i>\n                    Strains Isolated from Hydrothermal Vents and Spacecraft Assembly Facilities to Environmental Stressors and Decontamination Treatments"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Zammuto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Messina","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felix M.","family":"Fuchs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Aerospace Medicine","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcel","family":"Fiebrandt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ruhr University Bochum","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharina","family":"Stapelmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ruhr University Bochum","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikea J.","family":"Ulrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Aerospace Medicine","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teresa L.","family":"Maugeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Messina","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R\u00fcdiger","family":"Pukall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leibniz-Institute DSMZ\u2013German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Concetta","family":"Gugliandolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Messina","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralf","family":"Moeller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Aerospace Medicine","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.174.13.4463-4474.1992"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/153110703322736033"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-50-6-2009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01211-12"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.2008.04127.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.71.8.4163-4168.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.72.5.3184-3190.2006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_1","first-page":"813","article-title":"Role of fatty acids in Bacillus environmental adaptation","volume":"6","author":"Diomand\u00e9 S.E.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Diomand\u00e9 S.E., , Nguyen-The C., , Guinebreti\u00e8re M.-H., , Broussolle V., , and Brillard J. 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