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Instruments aboard the Curiosity rover measured organic compounds of unknown provenance in sedimentary mudstones at Gale crater. Additionally, Curiosity measured nitrates in Gale crater sediments, which suggests that nitrate-dependent Fe\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    oxidation (NDFO) may have been a viable metabolism for putative martian life. Here, we perform the first quantitative assessment of an NDFO community that could have existed in an ancient Gale crater lake and quantify the long-term preservation of biological necromass in lakebed mudstones. We find that an NDFO community would have the capacity to produce cell concentrations of up to 10\n                    <jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\n                    cells mL\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    , which is comparable to microbes in Earth's oceans. However, only a concentration of &lt;10\n                    <jats:sup>4<\/jats:sup>\n                    cells mL\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    , due to organisms that inefficiently consume less than 10% of precipitating nitrate, would be consistent with the abundance of organics found at Gale. We also find that meteoritic sources of organics would likely be insufficient as a sole source for the Gale crater organics, which would require a separate source, such as abiotic hydrothermal or atmospheric production or possibly biological production from a slowly turning over chemotrophic community.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/ast.2023.0109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,2]],"date-time":"2024-06-02T11:16:08Z","timestamp":1717326968000},"page":"590-603","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Quantifying the Potential for Nitrate-Dependent Iron Oxidation on Early Mars: Implications for the Interpretation of Gale Crater Organics"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Lucas M.","family":"Fifer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA."},{"name":"Astrobiology Program, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael L.","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, DC, USA."},{"name":"NHFP Sagan Fellow, NASA Hubble Fellowship Program, Space Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA."},{"name":"NASA Nexus for Exoplanet System Science, Virtual Planetary Laboratory Team, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ast.2020.2273"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","first-page":"153","volume-title":"Planetary Astrobiology","author":"Amador ES","year":"2020","unstructured":"Amador ES, , Ehlmann BL. Planetary astrobiology: early Mars. In Planetary Astrobiology. (Meadows V, , Arney G, , Schmidt B et al. eds.) University of Arizona Press: Tucson, 2020; pp 153\u2013167."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baker VR Carr MH Gulick VC et al. Channels and valley networks. In Mars. (Kieffer HH Jakosky BM Snyder CW Conway W et al. eds.) 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