{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T01:53:00Z","timestamp":1789523580051,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Breastfeeding Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for an infant's first 6 months of life. If unable to breastfeed, expressed breast milk, including donor human milk (DHM), is recommended for optimal nutrition. Benefits of DHM in preterm infants have been established by extensive research. However, less is known about DHM use in other populations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To conduct a scoping review of the literature regarding DHM use in populations other than preterm infants.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      PubMed and\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/Clinicaltrials.gov\">Clinicaltrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      were used to search for articles and clinical trials published between January 1, 2000 and February 29, 2020. In total, 182 articles and reports were identified and screened by 2 independent reviewers.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty-six articles met inclusion criteria and were reviewed. Studies were mostly observational in design and included infants born &gt;35 weeks gestational age with health risks (9\/26) and healthy infants (14\/26). Most studies in infants with health risks (7\/9) investigated clinical outcomes, with small, observational studies suggesting potential improvements in feeding tolerance and gastrointestinal health. Regarding healthy infants, no studies addressed growth, only one study measured clinical outcomes, and findings related to breastfeeding outcomes were conflicting. Over half of the studies reviewed (15\/26) were not designed to establish a potential relationship between DHM use and relevant health-related outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The current evidence of DHM use in populations other than preterm infants is limited by lack of direct health measures and infrequent use of randomized trials. More research is warranted to investigate clinical, growth, and breastfeeding outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2020.0286","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,25]],"date-time":"2020-11-25T15:13:51Z","timestamp":1606317231000},"page":"8-20","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Donor Human Milk Use in Populations Other than the Preterm Infant: A Systematic Scoping Review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Sydney","family":"McCune","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryanne T.","family":"Perrin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-3552"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Implementation Guidance: Protecting promoting and supporting breastfeeding in facilities providing maternity and newborn services: The revised Baby-friendly Hospital Initiative 2018. WHO 2018. Available at www.who.int\/nutrition\/publications\/infantfeeding\/bfhi-implementation\/en (accessed July19 2020)."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-3440","article-title":"Donor human milk for the high-risk infant: Preparation, safety, and usage options in the United States","volume":"139","author":"Committee on Nutrition","year":"2017","unstructured":"Committee on Nutrition, , Section on Breastfeeding, , Committee on Fetus and Newborn. Donor human milk for the high-risk infant: Preparation, safety, and usage options in the United States. Pediatrics, 2017; 139. 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Available at https:\/\/www.babyfriendlyusa.org\/about (accessed July6 2020)."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1364557032000119616"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23970\/AHRQEPCMETHGUIDE2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2003.tb00599.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0890334409333422"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0890334408328385"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/373790"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2014.0057"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","first-page":"11","article-title":"Donor human milk may decrease severe gastrointestinal distress in infants with neonatal abstinence syndrome","volume":"1","author":"Alexander C","year":"2017","unstructured":"Alexander C, , Radmacher P, , Devlin L. Donor human milk may decrease severe gastrointestinal distress in infants with neonatal abstinence syndrome. J Pregnancy Neonatal Med, 2017; 1:11\u201315.","journal-title":"J Pregnancy Neonatal Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0890334417716417"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2017.0147"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0890334417740346"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2017.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2017.0114"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reimers P Shenker N Weaver G et al. Using donor human milk to feed vulnerable term infants: A case series in KwaZulu Natal South Africa. 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