{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T04:30:06Z","timestamp":1789619406866,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]],"date-time":"2024-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730419200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Breastfeeding Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prematurity presents numerous barriers to mother\u2019s own milk (MOM) feeding and direct breastfeeding (DBF).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to determine factors associated with MOM feeding and DBF at discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in preterm-born infants presenting with feeding difficulties.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective study of data from 237 preterm-born infants referred for evaluation of feeding difficulties and discharged home on full oral feeds was examined. Maternal and infant characteristics and oral feeding milestones were examined for their association with MOM intake and DBF at discharge using bivariate and multivariate regression analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      MOM feeding at discharge occurred in 35.4% (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 84) infants. The odds of any MOM feeding at discharge were higher with higher maternal age, absence of maternal substance use, and fewer days between full per oral (PO) and discharge (all,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). Among the 84 MOM-fed infants, 4.76% (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 4) were exclusively breastfed, whereas 39.3% (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 33) were partially DBF at discharge. The DBF infants had higher birthweight, no incidence of being small for gestational age, lower incidence of respiratory support at birth and intraventricular hemorrhage, lower postmenstrual age (PMA) at full PO, shorter duration from first PO to full PO, and lower PMA at discharge (all,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We found reduced use of MOM and DBF among preterm-born infants with feeding difficulties at NICU discharge. Clinical management and research advocacy must focus on targeted interventions in this setting by recognizing significant modifiable factors applicable to prepregnancy, pregnancy, NICU, and postdischarge care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2024.0231","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,23]],"date-time":"2024-09-23T04:38:39Z","timestamp":1727066319000},"page":"827-836","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Factors Associated with Mother\u2019s Own Milk Feeding and Direct Breastfeeding at Discharge in Preterm Infants with Feeding Difficulties: Clinical and Research Implications"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Faith","family":"Bala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Innovative Infant Feeding Disorders Research Program, Nationwide Children\u2019s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA."},{"name":"Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children\u2019s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enas","family":"Alshaikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Innovative Infant Feeding Disorders Research Program, Nationwide Children\u2019s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA."},{"name":"Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children\u2019s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9007-8850","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sudarshan R.","family":"Jadcherla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Innovative Infant Feeding Disorders Research Program, Nationwide Children\u2019s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA."},{"name":"Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children\u2019s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA."},{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Nationwide Children\u2019s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA."},{"name":"Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2022-057988"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2021-054272"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2012.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2015.08.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10060707"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nwh.2023.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2016.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607115571667"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2022.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2010.0010"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apnr.2016.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ANC.0000000000000159"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12108"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/bfm.2021.0066"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2021.02.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12123688"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_3_5_18_2","article-title":"Effectiveness of Non-Pharmacological Methods, Such as Breastfeeding, to Mitigate Pain in NICU Infants","volume":"9","author":"Koukou Z","year":"2022","unstructured":"Koukou Z, , Theodoridou A, , Taousani E, et al. 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