{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T13:07:59Z","timestamp":1777468079156,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Biopreservation and Biobanking"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The effect of antifreeze protein (AFP) as a cryoprotectant used in different concentrations of glycerol on post-thaw quality of epididymal sperm was investigated. Sperm were isolated from 50 testicles, obtained from 25 healthy mature goat bucks, with progressive motility &gt;80%, and total morphological abnormalities &lt;10% were pooled in each replication. The semen samples were diluted with Tris-citrate-fructose-soybean lecithin extender containing different concentration of AFP [0\u2009\u03bcg\/mL (A0), 5\u2009\u03bcg\/mL (A5), 10\u2009\u03bcg\/mL (A10)]. Each concentration of AFP was added in an extender containing either 7% (G7) or 5% (G5) glycerol. Post-thaw total and progressive motility were found to be higher (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05) in groups A5G5 and A5G7. Plasma membrane integrity, sperm acrosome integrity, DNA integrity, acrosome intact sperm, and mitochondrial membrane potential were found to be higher (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05) in groups A5G5 and A10G5. Sperm viability was found to be higher (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05) in group A5G5, while lipid peroxidation was recorded lower (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05) in groups A5G5 and A5G7. Regarding the apoptosis occurrence, the results demonstrate higher (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05) live post-thawed spermatozoa for groups containing 5\u2009\u03bcg\/mL AFP with 5% and 7% glycerol in addition to the lowest (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05) value for groups containing 0\u2009\u03bcg\/mL AFP with 5% and 7% glycerol. Based on these results, the present study concludes that the addition of 5\u2009\u03bcg\/mL AFP in combination with 5% glycerol in freezing extender improves the post-thaw quality, structure, and function parameters for buck spermatozoa.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/bio.2021.0150","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,15]],"date-time":"2022-04-15T10:09:48Z","timestamp":1650017388000},"page":"65-73","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Effects of Antifreeze Protein Type I and Glycerol in Diluents on Cryopreserved Goat Epididymal Sperm"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Saeed","family":"Akhondzadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Reproduction Biology, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Kurdistan, Iran."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1502-7797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abbas","family":"Farshad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Reproduction Biology, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Kurdistan, Iran."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jalal","family":"Rostamzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Reproduction Biology, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Kurdistan, Iran."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohsen","family":"Sharafi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Embryology at Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive, ACECR, Tehran, Iran."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/glycob\/cwr115"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/md15020027"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2019.01.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/R96082"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2006.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0531.1995.tb00051.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4320(00)00156-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/org.5.3.9583"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2012.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2003.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","first-page":"4808","article-title":"From ice-binding proteins to bio-inspired antifreeze materials","volume":"13","author":"Voets IK","year":"2017","unstructured":"Voets IK. 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