{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T18:37:39Z","timestamp":1788633459542,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]],"date-time":"2024-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722470400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Brain Connectivity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The basal ganglia-thalamocortical (BGTC) and cerebello-thalamocortical (CTC) networks are implicated in tremor genesis; however, exact contributions across disorders have not been studied.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Evaluate the structural connectivity of BGTC and CTC in tremor-dominant Parkinson\u2019s disease (TDPD) and essential tremor plus (ETP) with the aid of probabilistic tractography and graph theory analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Structural connectomes of the BGTC and CTC were generated by probabilistic tractography for TDPD (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 25), ETP (ET with rest tremor,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 25), and healthy control (HC,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 22). The Brain Connectivity Toolbox was used for computing standard topological graph measures of segregation, integration, and centrality. Tremor severity was ascertained using the Fahn\u2013Tolosa\u2013Marin tremor rating scale (FTMRS).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There was no difference in total FTMRS scores. Compared with HC, TDPD had a lower global efficiency and characteristic path length. Abnormality in segregation, integration, and centrality of bilateral putamen, globus pallidus externa (GPe), and GP interna (GPi), with reduction of centrality of right caudate and cerebellar lobule 8, was observed. ETP showed reduction in segregation and integration of right GPe and GPi, ventrolateral posterior nucleus, and centrality of right putamen, compared with HC. Differences between TDPD and ETP were a reduction of strength of the right putamen, and lower clustering coefficient, local efficiency, and strength of the left GPi in TDPD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Contrary to expectations, TDPD and ETP may not be significantly different with regard to tremor pathogenesis, with definite overlaps. There may be fundamental similarities in network disruption across different tremor disorders with the same tremor activation patterns, along with disease-specific changes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/brain.2023.0066","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,14]],"date-time":"2024-06-14T11:34:51Z","timestamp":1718364891000},"page":"340-350","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Probabilistic Tractography-Based Tremor Network Connectivity in Tremor Dominant Parkinson\u2019s Disease and Essential Tremor plus"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7025-4837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shweta","family":"Prasad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6549-2198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Archith","family":"Rajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4809-8559","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Madhura","family":"Ingalhalikar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Symbiosis Center for Medical Image Analysis and Symbiosis Institute of Technology, Symbiosis International (Deemed) University, Pune, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7464-4250","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rose Dawn","family":"Bharath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5218-0264","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jitender","family":"Saini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4085-2377","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pramod Kumar","family":"Pal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2020.117200"},{"issue":"365","key":"e_1_3_7_3_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Advanced normalization tools (ANTS)","volume":"2","author":"Avants BB","year":"2009","unstructured":"Avants BB, , Tustison N, , Song G. 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