{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,2]],"date-time":"2026-08-02T10:53:05Z","timestamp":1785667985859,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]],"date-time":"2022-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648771200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cannabis &amp; Cannabinoid Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Given the increasing availability and use of cannabis among individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and the addition of PTSD as an eligible diagnosis in several U.S. medical cannabis programs, the efficacy of dispensary-obtained cannabis needs to be thoroughly examined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This prospective study assessed PTSD symptoms and functioning every 3 months over the course of a year in two samples of participants diagnosed with PTSD: (1) those with PTSD using dispensary-obtained cannabis (cannabis users) and (2) those with PTSD, who do not use cannabis (controls). Linear mixed-effects models and generalized estimating equations tested whether trajectories of symptoms differed between the two subsamples.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 150 participants (mean [standard deviation] age, 50.67 [15.26] years; 73% male) were enrolled in the study. Over the course of 1 year, the cannabis users reported a greater decrease in PTSD symptom severity over time compared to controls [group\u00d7time interaction=\u22120.32 (95% confidence interval [CI]=\u22120.59 to \u22120.05,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">R<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      =0.13;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">t<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u22122.35,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.02). Participants who used cannabis were 2.57 times more likely to no longer meet DSM-5 criteria for PTSD at the end of the study observation period compared to participants who did not use cannabis (95% CI=1.12\u20136.07;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.03).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study provides evidence that the types of cannabis available in recreational and medical cannabis dispensaries might hold promise as an alternative treatment for PTSD. Randomized placebo-controlled trials are needed to assess safety and determine how different preparations of cannabis impact PTSD and functioning.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/can.2020.0056","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]],"date-time":"2020-12-10T00:55:20Z","timestamp":1607561720000},"page":"214-223","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["The Long-Term, Prospective, Therapeutic Impact of Cannabis on Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Marcel O.","family":"Bonn-Miller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megan","family":"Brunstetter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Denver Research Institute, Denver, Colorado, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Simonian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Denver Research Institute, Denver, Colorado, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mallory J.","family":"Loflin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA San Diego Health Care System, Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health and National Center for PTSD, San Diego, California, USA."},{"name":"University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan","family":"Vandrey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimberly A.","family":"Babson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hal","family":"Wortzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rocky Mountain MIRECC Rocky, Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA."},{"name":"University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000167"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","unstructured":"Gradus JL. 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