{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T20:03:57Z","timestamp":1788552237094,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]],"date-time":"2022-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648771200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cannabis & Cannabinoid Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]]},"abstract":"\n Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n As more states allow for medical and nonregistered adult cannabis (i.e., marijuana) use, ensuring proper utilization should be a priority. Standardized labeling for foods and pharmaceutical drugs promotes consumer safety. This study investigated cannabis product labeling requirements in the United States.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n Researchers compiled the requirements for cannabis product labeling across 31 U.S. states with medical cannabis programs from state regulatory publications.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n Information requirements ranged considerably by U.S. state. All states required delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol content and manufacturer contact information, >80% of states required the batch number, health risks, production tracking, a cannabis symbol, cannabidiol content, children disclaimer, and an impairment disclaimer. There appeared to be a random pattern in requirements for other specific items. The relationships between the extent of cannabis product labeling requirements and the number of years that a state had a medical cannabis program or whether states allowed nonregistered adult use cannabis were not significant, although there was a trend for nonregistered adult use states to require more recommended label attributes.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n A comprehensive framework for cannabis use is needed to protect the public, maximize benefits, and minimize harms and risks. Standardization of cannabis product labeling requirements would benefit consumers and promote safer and more effective usage of cannabis products.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/can.2020.0079","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,11]],"date-time":"2021-01-11T15:09:14Z","timestamp":1610377754000},"page":"156-160","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Requirements for Cannabis Product Labeling by U.S. State"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Kruger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Population Studies Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA."},{"name":"Department of Community Health and Health Behavior, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, SUNY, Buffalo, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalie J.","family":"Korach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Literature, Science, and the Arts and Undergraduate Research Opportunities Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica S.","family":"Kruger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Health and Health Behavior, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, SUNY, Buffalo, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","first-page":"768","article-title":"Are food labels effective as a means of health prevention?","volume":"5","author":"Viola GCV","year":"2016","unstructured":"Viola GCV, , Bianchi F, , Croce E, et al. Are food labels effective as a means of health prevention?. J Public Health Res. 2016; 5:768.","journal-title":"J Public Health Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10101542"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2018.09.024"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jand.2014.05.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","unstructured":"Packaging and labelling guide for cannabis products. Requirements under the Cannabis Act and the Cannabis Regulations. 2019. https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/content\/dam\/hc-sc\/documents\/services\/cannabis-regulations-licensed-producers\/packaging-labelling-guide-cannabis-products\/CURRENT_PUBLISHED_Packaging_and_labelling_guide_for_cannabis_products.PDF Accessed July1 2019."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.15019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","first-page":"102509","article-title":"Communicating THC levels and \u2018dose\u2019 to consumers: implications for product labelling and packaging of cannabis products in regulated markets","author":"Hammond D","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hammond D. Communicating THC levels and \u2018dose\u2019 to consumers: implications for product labelling and packaging of cannabis products in regulated markets. 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