{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T16:43:06Z","timestamp":1777480986324,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]],"date-time":"2022-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648771200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cannabis &amp; Cannabinoid Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Cannabis sativa<\/jats:italic>\n                      L. (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. sativa<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) is used since ancient times to produce fabrics, baskets, and cords. Later, different ethnic groups used to burn the leaves and flowers of psychotropic cultivars with high \u03949-tetrahydrocannabinol (D9-THC) levels, during the religious or propitiatory rites to alter the state of consciousness. To date, it is not known whether also nonpsychotropic cultivars of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. sativa<\/jats:italic>\n                      were used during these rites, and whether these varieties could have an effect on human behavior. This study aimed to evaluate the behavioral effects of an extract of nonpsychotropic\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. sativa<\/jats:italic>\n                      (NP-CS) in mice.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      An extract of a nonpsychotropic cultivar of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. sativa<\/jats:italic>\n                      dissolved in medium-chain triglyceride oil was used and the different phytochemical components were evaluated. The relative composition in terms of phytocannabinoid content was assessed by reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to UV detection (RP-HPLC-UV), and the volatile components were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In addition, the behavioral effect of NP-CS was assessed on a wild-type mouse model. The animals were treated for 14 days (oral gavage) and motility, anxiety, and social effects were assessed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      RP-HPLC-UV analysis demonstrated that D9-THC was present in lower concentration with respect to other cannabinoids, like cannabidiol. Furthermore, the GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of several terpenoids. Concerning\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      studies, chronic treatment with NP-CS did not alter body weight, motility, and anxiety and increased social interaction.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study highlighted the prosocial effects of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">NP-CS.<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/can.2021.0017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,9]],"date-time":"2021-08-09T16:30:47Z","timestamp":1628526647000},"page":"170-178","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Prosocial Effects of Nonpsychotropic\n                    <i>Cannabis sativa<\/i>\n                    in Mice"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8862-2896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Mastinu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Ascrizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Ribaudo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara Anna","family":"Bonini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marika","family":"Premoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Aria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giuseppina","family":"Maccarinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Gianoncelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guido","family":"Flamini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luisa","family":"Pistelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Memo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2018.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00334-018-0678-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.201800562"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00334-016-0579-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aaw1391"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/FTD.0000000000000683"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/can.2016.0034"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2019.03.053"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867327666200210144847"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","first-page":"9","article-title":"The case for the entourage effect and conventional breeding of clinical cannabis: no \u201cstrain,\u201d no gain","author":"Russo EB.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Russo EB. 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