{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T12:31:04Z","timestamp":1783600264241,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727740800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cannabis &amp; Cannabinoid Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the wake of continued consumer demand despite increasing regulatory scrutiny, there is a need to develop systematic methods for identifying the harm profile of new psychoactive substances derived from hemp. Tetrahydrocannabinol-O (THC-O)-acetate, colloquially known as THCO, is the acetate ester of the principal psychoactive compound in cannabis. The heating of THCO can create ketene gas, which is harmful to the lungs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The research team used a multidisciplinary, iterative process to develop a survey to incorporate consumers' perspectives of semisynthetic cannabinoids. The survey was then distributed across the social media platform Reddit to learn about delivery device preferences and associated use styles when consuming THCO.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Most participants (74.9%) vaped THCO and one-quarter of participants (24.3%) dabbed THCO and tended to report higher temperatures for dabbing than vaping THCO. A small portion (12.0%) of participants reported concerns regarding ketene risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>As there are multiple variables associated with the formation of ketene, and consumer responses indicate temperatures use that might enable ketene formation, more research is needed to understand the risk profile of hemp-derived substances like THCO. Further studies are needed to understand the how various routes of administration and delivery devices used with THCO may exacerbate the risk of ketene formation and other potential harms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/can.2023.0094","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,19]],"date-time":"2023-07-19T10:27:30Z","timestamp":1689762450000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Reviewing the Risk of Ketene Formation in Dabbing and Vaping Tetrahydrocannabinol-O-Acetate"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4284-0656","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlton \u201cCB\u201d","family":"Bone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology, Portland State University, Portland, Oregon, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology, Portland State University, Portland, Oregon, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaelas","family":"Munger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, Oregon, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert M.","family":"Strongin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology, Portland State University, Portland, Oregon, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2757-7016","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Kruger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Population Studies Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA."},{"name":"Department of Community Health and Health Behavior, University at Buffalo, SUNY, Buffalo, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meredith C.","family":"Meacham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1343-1435","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica S.","family":"Kruger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Health and Health Behavior, University at Buffalo, SUNY, Buffalo, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","unstructured":"Sabaghi D. Delta-8 THC Generated $2 Billion in Revenue in Two Years Report Finds. Forbes. 2023. Available from: https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/dariosabaghi\/2023\/01\/16\/delta-8-thc-generated-2-billion-in-revenue-in-2-years-report-finds\/?sh=370c073c4a62 [Last accessed: June 10 2023]."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s42238-021-00115-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","unstructured":"Szczypka G Pepper JK Kim A. Weed Light: An Exploratory Study of Delta-8 THC Conversations on Reddit. RTI Press: North Carolina USA; 2022."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","unstructured":"FDA Shares Insights on Potential Pathway to Regulate CBD Products. JDSUPRA. Available from: https:\/\/www.jdsupra.com\/legalnews\/fda-shares-insights-on-potential-6200015 [Last accessed: June 10 2023]."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abrep.2018.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","unstructured":"Sabaghi D. Delta-8 And -9 THC-O Are Controlled Substances DEA Says. Forbes. 2023. 2023. Available from: https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/dariosabaghi\/2023\/02\/16\/delta-8-and9-thc-o-are-controlled-substances-dea-says\/?sh=708e9241754f [Last accessed: June 10 2023]."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics8020041"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrestox.1c00388"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_2","unstructured":"National Insititute for Occupational Safety and Health. Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards (2021). Available from: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/niosh\/npg\/default.html [Last accessed: June 10 2023]."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1920925117"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrestox.2c00170"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.47611\/jsr.v11i2.1751"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cptl.2018.03.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13181-022-00921-3"}],"container-title":["Cannabis &amp; Cannabinoid Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/can.2023.0094","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/can.2023.0094","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/can.2023.0094","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T14:12:21Z","timestamp":1777385541000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/can.2023.0094"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/can.2023.0094"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/can.2023.0094","relation":{},"ISSN":["2578-5125","2378-8763"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2578-5125","type":"print"},{"value":"2378-8763","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]}}}