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I propose five strategies for effective policy change: persistent advocacy post policy change success, establishing strong coalitions, empowering grassroots movements, promoting rigorous data-driven research, and launching public education campaigns. I offer a detailed analysis of the interaction between public opinion and legislative action in cannabis legalization and its implications for substance-related policy change.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/can.2024.0022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]],"date-time":"2024-03-25T14:33:20Z","timestamp":1711377200000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["When Public Will Meets Legislative Resistance: Five Lessons from Ohio's Issue 2 Cannabis Legalization Controversy"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Bryant M.","family":"Stone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","unstructured":"Hancock L. 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