{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T16:48:23Z","timestamp":1793033303615,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]],"date-time":"2025-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742169600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cannabis &amp; Cannabinoid Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Medicinal cannabis (MC) has potential therapeutic effects in Tourette Syndrome (TS), however there has been limited research in adolescent patients. This pilot study aimed to investigate the feasibility of conducting a randomized placebo-controlled crossover trial of MC in adolescents with TS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a phase I\/II double-blind, cross-over pilot study comparing MC with matched placebo in adolescents aged 12\u201318 years with TS. The active medication was \u03949-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) 10 mg\/mL and CBD 15 mg\/mL in peppermint-flavored medium-chain triglyceride oil. The dose titration schedule was stratified into two participant weight bands: below 50 kg (max THC 10 mg\/day) or \u226550 kg (max THC 20 mg\/day). Each treatment phase lasted 10 weeks, with a 4-week washout period.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ten adolescents were randomized (mean age 14.8 years, 50% male) and seven completed the full study protocol. Two adolescents discontinued due to adverse events (one on MC, one placebo) and one was lost to follow-up. The most common adverse event was dizziness (67%). There were no serious adverse events. Among actively enrolled participants, protocol adherence was excellent: study visits 100%, blood test completions 100%, and online questionnaire completion 97.6%. Medication adherence was acceptable in 63.6%. Parents reported a high degree of study design acceptability. On the Clinical Global Impression-Improvement scale, three participants were rated as much improved on MC compared with one on placebo at 10 weeks.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings suggest that the study protocol is feasible and acceptable to patients with TS and their families. A fully powered study is needed to evaluate the efficacy of MC in adolescent TS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/can.2024.0188","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]],"date-time":"2025-03-13T22:07:56Z","timestamp":1741903676000},"page":"702-709","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["A Pilot Randomized Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial of Medicinal Cannabis in Adolescents with Tourette Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2810-4496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daryl","family":"Efron","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Institute, Parkville, Australia."},{"name":"Royal Children\u2019s Hospital, Parkville, Australia."},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaitlyn","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Institute, Parkville, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eunice","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Institute, Parkville, Australia."},{"name":"Royal Children\u2019s Hospital, Parkville, Australia."},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan M.","family":"Payne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Institute, Parkville, Australia."},{"name":"Royal Children\u2019s Hospital, Parkville, Australia."},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chidambaram","family":"Prakash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Children\u2019s Hospital, Parkville, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine J.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Institute, Parkville, Australia."},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noel","family":"Cranswick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Institute, Parkville, Australia."},{"name":"Royal Children\u2019s Hospital, Parkville, Australia."},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping-I (Daniel)","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia."},{"name":"School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valsamma","family":"Eapen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2016.97"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2019.109675"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.14165"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-021-01845-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000007466"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000007467"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","first-page":"189","article-title":"The role of cannabinoids in neurodevelopmental disorders of children and adolescents","volume":"75","author":"Dias-de Freitas F","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dias-de Freitas F, , Pimenta S, , Soares S, et al. 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