{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T01:19:29Z","timestamp":1780535969664,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,5]],"date-time":"2025-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749081600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,5]],"date-time":"2025-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749081600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cannabis &amp; Cannabinoid Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      As opioid-related drug overdoses remain a public health crisis, there is a critical need for innovative approaches to developing safer analgesics with improved safety profiles. BDH-001 is a fixed-dose combination of low-dose buprenorphine (BUP) and cannabidiol (CBD) being developed as a safer analgesic than currently available opioids. The purpose of this study was to examine the analgesic and opioid-sparing effects of BDH-001 and to complete an\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in\u00a0vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      safety assessment in rats.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Analgesic effect of BDH-001 was assessed using the chronic constriction injury model of chronic neuropathic pain with pain threshold assessed\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">via<\/jats:italic>\n                      Von Frey testing. Drug-drug interaction effects on pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters were assessed in a single dose PK study in rodents. The effects on respiratory depression were also assessed and confirmed in two separate rodent studies performing blood gas analysis and measuring O\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      saturation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      BDH-001 (combination of subanalgesic BUP dose and CBD) resulted in statistically significant increases in pain threshold compared to saline (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001), CBD alone (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.01), and BUP alone (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). The half-life of BUP was significantly shorter in the presence of CBD compared to BUP alone (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.008), with no significant changes in any other BUP pharmacokinetic parameter assessed. CBD was found to attenuate BUP-induced respiratory depression in rats when assessing blood gases (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05) and O\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      saturation (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05) over several time bins.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data obtained in the present study indicate the addition of CBD to BUP was opioid-sparing and attenuated BUP- but not morphine-induced respiratory depression. There was no evidence these findings were the result of a PK interaction. Results support the hypothesis that BDH-001, a fixed-dose combination of BUP and CBD, may provide effective analgesia with a more favorable safety profile.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/can.2025.0004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,5]],"date-time":"2025-06-05T04:16:37Z","timestamp":1749096997000},"page":"621-630","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Combination of Cannabidiol and Low-Dose Buprenorphine Suggests Synergistic Analgesia and Attenuates Buprenorphine-Induced Respiratory Depression"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6209-7476","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marisa S.","family":"Briones","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"BDH Pharma, LLC, Studio City, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dustin Z.","family":"DeYoung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BDH Pharma, LLC, Studio City, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keith G.","family":"Heinzerling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BDH Pharma, LLC, Studio City, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","volume-title":"Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (WONDER)","author":"CDC","year":"2022","unstructured":"CDC. Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (WONDER). CDC: Atlanta, GA; 2022."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","unstructured":"Administration SAaMHS. Key substance use and mental health indicators in the United States: Results from the 2021 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (HHS Publication No. PEP22-07-01-005 NSDUH Series H-57). 2022."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","unstructured":"Understanding the Opioid Overdose Epidemic. Available from: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/opioids\/basics\/epidemic.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.16318"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","first-page":"97","article-title":"Fourth wave of opioid (Illicit Drug) overdose deaths and diminishing access to prescription opioids and interventional techniques: Cause and effect","volume":"25","author":"Manchikanti L","year":"2022","unstructured":"Manchikanti L, , Singh VM, , Staats PS, et al. Fourth wave of opioid (Illicit Drug) overdose deaths and diminishing access to prescription opioids and interventional techniques: Cause and effect. Pain Physician, 2022; 25(2):97\u2013124.","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-018-0578-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","unstructured":"Administration SAaMHS. 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