{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T20:51:34Z","timestamp":1780087894157,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,1]],"date-time":"2016-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1472688000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The purpose of this study was to examine long-term outcomes of nonpharmacological intervention in children and adolescents with stroke utilizing repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to the primary motor cortex combined with constraint- induced movement therapy (CIMT) to improve motor function in the paretic hand. Outcome measures included function, satisfaction, and medical status review.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Fourteen of the original 19 participants (74%) from our rTMS\/CIMT clinical trial (real rTMS+CIMT,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20098; and sham rTMS+CIMT,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20096) were evaluated. The median age of the subjects at follow up was 13.4 years (range 11\u201320 years old, 50% male). Median time to follow-up was 47.5 months (range 21\u201357 months). Descriptive statistics were conducted using frequencies and counts. Motor performance was measured using the Assisting Hand Assessment (AHA) and Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM). Satisfaction was reported with use of the COPM and TMS Tolerance Survey. Open-ended interview was conducted for feedback on study experience and subjective perspectives of current functional status.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, seven of eight individuals who received real rTMS and five of six individuals who received sham rTMS maintained or improved AHA scores. Six of 14 participants reported new onset of co-occurring conditions (four individuals in the real rTMS group, two individuals in the sham rTMS group). The majority (86%) of participants reported study satisfaction. Review of medical status revealed co-occurring conditions including: Epilepsy, obsessive-compulsive disorder, anxiety, depression, unspecified mood disorder, and undiagnosed inattentiveness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Long-term outcomes of rTMS\/CIMT in pediatric stroke were investigated. Variability in performance and unattributed symptoms were noted. Considering the prevalence of co-occurring conditions in children and adolescents with stroke, new-onset symptoms were not attributed to original intervention. With the small sample size, the impact of rTMS on long-term outcomes cannot be fully determined from these data. Characterizing long-term outcomes through performance, participant perspectives, and medical status allows comprehensive assessment of rTMS\/CIMT intervention efficacy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2015.0157","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,23]],"date-time":"2016-02-23T16:35:46Z","timestamp":1456245346000},"page":"598-605","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation\/Behavioral Intervention Clinical Trial: Long-Term Follow-Up of Outcomes in Congenital Hemiparesis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Tonya L.","family":"Rich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeremiah","family":"Menk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Translational Science Institute"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda E.","family":"Krach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Courage Kenny Rehabilitation Institute"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy","family":"Feyma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gillette Children's Specialty Healthcare"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernadette T.","family":"Gillick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Minnesota"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awu294"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2012.02.024"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0009922813510203"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.12195"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-0003-6-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_1","first-page":"23","article-title":"Serial treatments of primed low-frequency rTMS in stroke: Characteristics of responders vs. nonresponders","volume":"32","author":"Carey JR","year":"2014","unstructured":"Carey JR, , Deng H, , Gillick BT, , Cassidy JM, , Anderson DC, , Zhang L, , Thomas W: Serial treatments of primed low-frequency rTMS in stroke: Characteristics of responders vs. nonresponders. 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