{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T02:25:26Z","timestamp":1789525526305,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]],"date-time":"2020-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593561600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A recent pharmacoimaging study suggested that methylphenidate (MPH) and atomoxetine (ATX) might have common mechanisms for the treatment of attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Previous pharmacogenetic studies have by and large only involved genes in neurotransmitter systems, which accounted for very small variances. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether the neurodevelopmental genes identified in a prior ADHD etiology Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) could predict patients' responses to MPH and ATX, given the aforementioned mechanisms of action.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>For our sample of 241 patients with ADHD, we assessed the change in the ADHD rating scale (ADHD-RS) total symptom scores from baseline to the end of the 12th week of treatment with either MPH or ATX. We performed association analyses at the genetic single-marker, gene-based, set-based, and GWAS-based polygenic levels.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In our analyses, neither single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) nor gene-level analyses yielded significant markers associated with the change in the ADHD-RS score after multiple comparison correction. The polygenic risk score model, which was based on SNPs associated with ADHD etiology at a threshold of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2264\u20090.0001 in a recent Han Chinese GWAS, predicted symptomatic improvement with ADHD medication (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.018,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">R<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.023).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our results provide new evidence for a small influence of neurodevelopmental genes on the efficacy of medications for ADHD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2018.0164","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,16]],"date-time":"2020-03-16T09:48:36Z","timestamp":1584352116000},"page":"348-354","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["The Association with Quantitative Response to Attention-Deficit\/Hyperactivity Disorder Medication of the Previously Identified Neurodevelopmental Network Genes"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Yuanxin","family":"Zhong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University Sixth Hospital (Institute of Mental Health), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders &amp; Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), Ministry of Health, Beijing, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Binrang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University Sixth Hospital (Institute of Mental Health), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders &amp; Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), Ministry of Health, Beijing, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University Sixth Hospital (Institute of Mental Health), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders &amp; Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), Ministry of Health, Beijing, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingjiu","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University Sixth Hospital (Institute of Mental Health), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders &amp; Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), Ministry of Health, Beijing, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suhua","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University Sixth Hospital (Institute of Mental Health), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders &amp; Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), Ministry of Health, Beijing, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yufeng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University Sixth Hospital (Institute of Mental Health), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders &amp; Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), Ministry of Health, Beijing, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University Sixth Hospital (Institute of Mental Health), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders &amp; Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), Ministry of Health, Beijing, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_1","first-page":"70","article-title":"Do polygenic risk and stressful life events predict pharmacological treatment response in obsessive compulsive disorder?","volume":"9","author":"Alemany-Navarro M","year":"2019","unstructured":"Alemany-Navarro M, , Costas J, , Real E, , Segalas C, , Bertolin S, , Domenech L, , Rabionet R, , Carracedo A, , Menchon JM, , Alonso P: Do polygenic risk and stressful life events predict pharmacological treatment response in obsessive compulsive disorder?. 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