{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T23:26:23Z","timestamp":1780529183331,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659312000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659312000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Neuropsychiatric disorders are common in children with bowel and bladder dysfunction (BBD), a syndrome associated with urinary frequency, urgency, holding, incontinence, and constipation. We evaluated BBD symptom severity in children and youth attending a tertiary care obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) clinic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">:<\/jats:italic>\n                      Consecutive patients attending initial OCD assessments between 2016 and 2020 were invited to participate in a registry study. Diagnosis of OCD and comorbidities was established by structured clinical interview. OCD severity and impact were assessed with the Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS) and the Child Obsessive Compulsive Impact Scale (COIS-R; self-report), respectively. BBD symptoms were quantified with the Vancouver Symptom Score (VSS), a validated self-report measure.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      One hundred twelve participants completed the VSS (mean age 13.5\u2009\u00b1\u20093.3, range 7\u201320). Based on a cutoff score of 11 corresponding to pediatric urologist-diagnosed BBD, 30.4% of participants screened positive, including more females than males (39.3% vs. 21.4%;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.04). Daytime urinary incontinence was present in a greater proportion of participants with OCD forbidden thoughts (34.8% vs. 8.2%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.002), major depressive disorder (MDD; 38.5% vs. 6.8%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001), and somatization disorder (60% vs. 9%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001) compared with those without. A regression model including CY-BOCS, COIS-R, psychiatric comorbidities, medications, age, and gender explained 52.2% of the variance in VSS; COIS-R, tic disorder, and MDD were significant predictors.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>BBD symptoms are common and associated with high OCD-related impairment and psychiatric comorbidities. Standardized assessment may facilitate identification of BBD symptoms in this population and is critical to mitigating long-term physical and mental health impacts. Further studies are required to assess the relationship between BBD and OCD treatment outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2021.0059","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,11]],"date-time":"2022-04-11T11:44:04Z","timestamp":1649677444000},"page":"358-365","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Bowel and Bladder Dysfunction Is Associated with Psychiatric Comorbidities and Functional Impairment in Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4416-3912","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clara","family":"Westwell-Roper","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Provincial OCD Program, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada."},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John R.","family":"Best","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Provincial OCD Program, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada."},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zainab","family":"Naqqash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Provincial OCD Program, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada."},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kourosh","family":"Afshar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urologic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada."},{"name":"Division of Pediatric Urology, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew E.","family":"MacNeily","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urologic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada."},{"name":"Division of Pediatric Urology, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. Evelyn","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Provincial OCD Program, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada."},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada."},{"name":"British Columbia Mental Health and Substance Use Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2009.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4082\/kjfm.2016.37.1.25"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_1","article-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th Edn., Text Revision","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2000","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association: Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th Edn., Text Revision. Washington,, DC: American Psychiatric Association, 2000.","journal-title":"Washington,"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2014.04.046"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2008.08020320"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2014.0084"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2014.08.103"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9758\/cpn.2015.13.3.269"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_1","first-page":"822","article-title":"A controlled study of Tourette syndrome","volume":"41","author":"Comings DE","year":"1987","unstructured":"Comings DE, , Comings BG: A controlled study of Tourette syndrome. VI. Early development, sleep problems, allergies, and handedness. Am J Hum Genet, 41:822\u2013838, 1987.","journal-title":"VI. Early development, sleep problems, allergies, and handedness. Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2012.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2012.02.036"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000091219.46560.7b"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pst.331"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_1","first-page":"761","article-title":"Overactive bladder in children","volume":"178","author":"Franco I","year":"2007","unstructured":"Franco I: Overactive bladder in children. Part 1: Pathophysiology. J Urol, 178:761\u2013768; discussion 768, 2007.","journal-title":"Part 1: Pathophysiology. J Urol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11934-010-0167-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOU.0b013e328346d4bb"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2014.0081"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4111\/kju.2011.52.3.210"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2014.08.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2019.12.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2018.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0253-7176.185953"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/jsw025"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0009922818796605"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1059840509331442"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12894-016-0179-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2014.06.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.02.071"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5935\/0101-2800.20160070"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-017-1062-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11934-010-0099-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15374410701662790"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_1","first-page":"58","article-title":"Urinary frequency: Going beyond the tract","volume":"15","author":"Rahmat R","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rahmat R: Urinary frequency: Going beyond the tract. Malays Fam Physician, 15:58\u201360, 2020.","journal-title":"Malays Fam Physician"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2019.00535"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5489\/cuaj.4411"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199706000-00023"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-198811000-00019"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15374424jccp3503_10"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.155.2.264"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2014.0073"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.02.2973"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-014-0577-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2014.11.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2015.11.045"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-017-3799-9"}],"container-title":["Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/cap.2021.0059","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/cap.2021.0059","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/cap.2021.0059","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T14:56:25Z","timestamp":1777388185000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/cap.2021.0059"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/cap.2021.0059"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/cap.2021.0059","relation":{},"ISSN":["1044-5463","1557-8992"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1044-5463","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-8992","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]}}}