{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T19:12:25Z","timestamp":1793301145599,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to assess effectiveness and tolerability of Clozapine in the treatment of aggression in youth with Neurodevelopmental Disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients were consecutively admitted at our third-level university hospital with nationwide catchment from June 2018 to October 2022, and followed up to July 2023. Eligibility criteria were as follows: (1) Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and\/or Intellectual Disability\/Borderline Cognitive Functioning, (2) behavioral dyscontrol with physical aggression; (3) age range between 8 and 18 years; (4) clinical indication for Clozapine treatment after at least two failed trials with other Second-Generation Antipsychotics (SGAs); (5) availability of an at least 6-month-long follow-up. To evaluate the response to Clozapine, we used the Clinical Global Impressions (CGI) rating scales (Clinical Global Impressions-Severity [CGI-S] and Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement [CGI-I]), the Children's Global Assessment Scale (CGAS), and the Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty-six children and adolescents (21 boys, age 13.47\u2009\u00b1\u20092.05 years, follow-up duration 9.77\u2009\u00b1\u20093.50 months) were included in the analysis. Clinical severity (CGI-S) and functional impairment (Clinical Global Assessment Scale) significantly improved, as well as the ABC Total Score and the scores in several subscales. Sixteen patients (61.54%) were responders (CGI-I \u22642), and 13 (50.00%) displayed remission of aberrant behaviors (\u0394ABC-Total &gt;35), while response\/remission condition was not affected by add-on medications and psychotherapy. Most frequent side effects were increased appetite (50.00%), sialorrhea (38.46%), and increased repetitive behaviors (26.92%). Two patients presented epileptic seizures, while no patients presented leucopoenia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our results suggest that Clozapine may be helpful in ameliorating treatment-resistant aggression in youth with neurodevelopmental conditions. Possible pharmacological strategies for the management of most frequent side effects are also suggested.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2023.0097","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]],"date-time":"2024-04-12T13:52:01Z","timestamp":1712929921000},"page":"148-156","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Clozapine Treatment for Aggressive Behaviors in Youths with Neurodevelopmental Disorders"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Stefano","family":"Berloffa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Stella Maris, Scientific Institute of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Calambrone, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriele","family":"Masi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Stella Maris, Scientific Institute of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Calambrone, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Falcone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Stella Maris, Scientific Institute of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Calambrone, Italy."},{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valerio","family":"Simonelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Stella Maris, Scientific Institute of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Calambrone, Italy."},{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Narzisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Stella Maris, Scientific Institute of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Calambrone, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Valente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Stella Maris, Scientific Institute of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Calambrone, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Viglione","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Stella Maris, Scientific Institute of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Calambrone, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annarita","family":"Milone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Stella Maris, Scientific Institute of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Calambrone, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0435-2962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianluca","family":"Sesso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Stella Maris, Scientific Institute of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Calambrone, Italy."},{"name":"IMT School for Advanced Studies, Piazza San Francesco, 55100 Lucca, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2021.0092"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aman MG Singh NN. 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