{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T18:08:35Z","timestamp":1781719715663,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-dependent Cushing's disease accounts for 75% cases of the endogenous Cushing's syndrome. The size of lesion is usually very small, which results in false-negative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) even after biochemical confirmation of the disease. Corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) the key controller of hypothalamus\u2013pituitary\u2013-adrenal axis binds to CRH receptor R1 and R2. CRH R1 is overexpressed in pituitary adenomas. The present study aims to target these overexpressed receptors with\n                      <jats:sup>68<\/jats:sup>\n                      Ga-DOTA-CRH for noninvasive imaging of ACTH-dependent pituitary adenomas.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Custom-synthesized 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA)-CRH peptide was purified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and characterized by mass spectra. Postradiolabeling optimization with\n                      <jats:sup>68<\/jats:sup>\n                      Ga, quality control tests were carried out to ensure the suitability of\n                      <jats:sup>68<\/jats:sup>\n                      Ga DOTA-CRH for intravenous administration. A pilot study consisting of 15 patients including 6 known cases of macroadenoma underwent\n                      <jats:sup>68<\/jats:sup>\n                      Ga-DOTA-CRH regional brain positron emission tomography\/computed tomography (PET\/CT). The optimal imaging time and biodistribution studies were performed in five patients' whole-body and serial brain PET\/CT imaging. Lesion activity was determined as SUVmax and correlated with CE-MRI and histopathology of excised tissue.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A retention time of 11.3\u2009min and mass of 5145 Da was observed on HPLC and mass spectra. Radiolabeling yield of &gt;98% was achieved under optimized conditions using 25\u2013100\u2009\u03bcg of conjugated peptide for 10\u201322 mCi of\n                      <jats:sup>68<\/jats:sup>\n                      Ga. The quality control results were in agreement with acceptable criteria.\n                      <jats:sup>68<\/jats:sup>\n                      Ga-DOTA-CRH was able to delineate ACTH secreting corticotropinoma in all 15 patients. Physiological uptake of radiotracer was observed in liver and spleen with diffused marrow activity. Excretion was noted by renal route. Imaging results were in correlation with CE-MRI and histopathology of excised tissue.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:sup>68<\/jats:sup>\n                      Ga-DOTA-CRH PET\/CT is a promising molecular imaging modality for detection of ACTH-dependent microadenoma.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/cbr.2020.4686","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,30]],"date-time":"2021-06-30T15:39:59Z","timestamp":1625067599000},"page":"642-650","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Development of\n                    <sup>68<\/sup>\n                    Ga DOTA-CRH for PET\/CT Imaging of ACTH-Dependent Cushing's Disease: Initial Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Jaya","family":"Shukla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine and Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rakhee","family":"Vatsa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine and Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rama","family":"Walia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anupriya","family":"Chhabra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine and Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nivedita","family":"Rana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine and Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harmandeep","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine and Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajender","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine and Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhagwant Rai","family":"Mittal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine and Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.12313"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-0125"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","first-page":"281","article-title":"Cushing's syndrome: Epidemiology and developments in disease management","volume":"7","author":"Sharma ST","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sharma ST, , Nieman LK, , Feelders RA. Cushing's syndrome: Epidemiology and developments in disease management. Clin Epidemiol, 2015; 7:281.","journal-title":"Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000314297"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68699-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2005.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1215245"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","first-page":"12","article-title":"Cushing's disease: A multidisciplinary overview of the clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment","volume":"9","author":"Buliman A","year":"2016","unstructured":"Buliman A, , Tataranu LG, , Paun DL, et al. Cushing's disease: A multidisciplinary overview of the clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment. J Med Life, 2016; 9:12\u201318.","journal-title":"J Med Life"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2019.00766"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2016.1.JNS152119"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-030871"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3803\/EnM.2018.33.2.139"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-031908"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","first-page":"3","article-title":"Clinical applications of 18F-FDG in oncology","volume":"30","author":"Nabi HA","year":"2002","unstructured":"Nabi HA, , Zubeldia JM. Clinical applications of 18F-FDG in oncology. J Nucl Med Technol, 2002; 30:3.","journal-title":"J Nucl Med Technol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.232025705"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2010.11.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-014-2961-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MNM.0000000000000989"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-015-0689-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4158\/EP13171.OR"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4274\/Mirt.69775"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2013.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1998.00560.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-016-0990-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-3919.121963"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-1778"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2009.03646.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-021438"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.7447"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Blower JE Cooper MS Imberti C et al. In: Lewis JS et al. (eds.) The Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry of the Radionuclides of Gallium and Indium. Switzerland: Springer 2019; 255. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-98947-1_14.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-98947-1_14"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cbr.2019.2811"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules200814860"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jm100623e"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-010-1512-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4000908"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-18401-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14310\/horm.2002.1407"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.107.045963"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_40_2","first-page":"302","article-title":"Brain receptor imaging","volume":"47","author":"Heiss W-D","year":"2006","unstructured":"Heiss W-D, , Herholz K. Brain receptor imaging. J Nucl Med, 2006; 47:302.","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-016-1038-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.16.17290"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_43_2","first-page":"3327","article-title":"Mutation and expression analysis of corticotropin-releasing factor 1 receptor in adrenocorticotropin-secreting pituitary adenomas","volume":"83","author":"Dieterich KD","year":"1998","unstructured":"Dieterich KD, , Gundelfinger ED, , Ludecke DK, et al. Mutation and expression analysis of corticotropin-releasing factor 1 receptor in adrenocorticotropin-secreting pituitary adenomas. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 1998; 83:3327.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1998.00560.x"}],"container-title":["Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/cbr.2020.4686","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/cbr.2020.4686","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/cbr.2020.4686","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T14:15:58Z","timestamp":1777385758000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/cbr.2020.4686"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/cbr.2020.4686"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/cbr.2020.4686","relation":{},"ISSN":["1084-9785","1557-8852"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1084-9785","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-8852","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}}}