{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T13:19:12Z","timestamp":1777555152010,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Dermatitis\u00ae"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:underline>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Abstract:<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:underline>\n                    The outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic has raised urgent vaccine development to prevent viral transmission. Cutaneous adverse events such as erythema multiforme (EM), Stevens\u2013Johnson syndrome (SJS), and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) have been observed following COVID-19 vaccination. In this systematic review, we aimed to investigate the clinical features and outcomes of EM\/SJS\/TEN following COVID-19 vaccination. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases up to July 3, 2022. We included studies reporting patients who developed EM, SJS, or TEN following COVID-19 vaccination. A total of 47 studies involving 90 patients with EM and 16 patients with SJS\/TEN were reviewed and outlined. EM predominantly occurred after the messenger ribonucleic acid vaccines (70.4%), mostly after the first (47.5%) and second doses (42.4%), with delayed onsets ranging from 1 day to 30 days. SJS\/TEN were observed following either the first (55.6%)- or second-dose (33.3%) vaccination, with onset times ranging from 6 hours to 14 weeks. Three EM cases and 1 SJS case showed recurrence upon reexposure to the same vaccines. No mortality was reported. Most patients exhibited improvement or resolution after treatment, with resolution times ranging from 6 days to 8 weeks. In conclusion, EM and epidermal necrolysis, including SJS and TEN, have emerged as potential cutaneous adverse events following COVID-19 vaccine administration. Further research is warranted to elucidate the pathogenesis and casual relationship between COVID-19 vaccines and EM\/SJS\/TEN.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/derm.2023.0210","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,22]],"date-time":"2024-08-22T12:51:09Z","timestamp":1724331069000},"page":"188-199","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Erythema Multiforme and Epidermal Necrolysis following COVID-19 Vaccines: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2218-6083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Po-Chien","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the,  Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan"},{"name":"Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan"},{"name":"Research Center of Big Data and Meta-Analysis, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8136-0619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"I-Hsin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the,  Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan"},{"name":"Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan"},{"name":"Research Center of Big Data and Meta-Analysis, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chuang-Wei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the,  Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan"},{"name":"Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan"},{"name":"Cancer Vaccine and Immune Cell Therapy Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan"},{"name":"Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen-Hung","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the,  Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan"},{"name":"Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan"},{"name":"Cancer Vaccine and Immune Cell Therapy Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan"},{"name":"Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, China"},{"name":"Xiamen Chang Gung Allergology Consortium, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, China"},{"name":"Whole-Genome Research Core Laboratory of Human Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan"},{"name":"Immune-Oncology Center of Excellence, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan"},{"name":"Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Tsinghua Chang Gung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"},{"name":"Genomic Medicine Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chun-Bing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the,  Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan"},{"name":"Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan"},{"name":"Cancer Vaccine and Immune Cell Therapy Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan"},{"name":"Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, China"},{"name":"Xiamen Chang Gung Allergology Consortium, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, China"},{"name":"Whole-Genome Research Core Laboratory of Human Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Tsinghua Chang Gung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"},{"name":"Genomic Medicine Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, 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