{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T13:20:22Z","timestamp":1777555222745,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Dermatitis\u00ae"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:underline>\n                      <jats:bold>\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Abstract:<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:bold>\n                    <\/jats:underline>\n                    Itch is a debilitating symptom that affects \u223c40% of the population and significantly impacts patients\u2019 quality of life. The management of chronic itch remains a significant challenge due to the limited availability of reliable biomarkers for assessing its severity. This review aims to investigate the key neuroimmune-related biomarkers involved in the pathophysiology of itch and itch-dependent diseases. A thorough literature review was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar, employing search terms like \u201cBiomarkers\u201d OR \u201cBlood markers\u201d OR \u201cImmune-related\u201d AND \u201cItch\u201d OR \u201cPruritus.\u201d Recent evidence has highlighted the central role of neuro-immune-epithelial crosstalk in itch pathogenesis, with pruritogens stimulating the release of interleukin-33 (IL-33), thymic stromal lymphopoietin, and periostin, which promote Th2 inflammation and intensify itch sensation. Elevated levels of cytokines such as IL-4, IL-13, and IL-31 have been associated with various inflammatory skin conditions, though their correlation with itch severity remains inconsistent. Chemokines like thymus and activation-regulated chemokine, as well as CC motif chemokine ligand, have demonstrated promise as biomarkers for Th2-mediated conditions, showing correlations with disease severity and itch intensity. Additional markers, such as brain natriuretic peptide and its metabolite NT-proBNP, have been correlated with itch intensity in chronic pruritic conditions. However, neuropeptides like substance P have shown limited utility in evaluating itch severity. Understanding the mechanisms underlying itch through immune-related biomarkers could lead to more effective treatments and enhance patient outcomes while providing insights into immune dysregulation in pruritic disorders.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/derm.2025.0014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T12:00:44Z","timestamp":1741694444000},"page":"563-567","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Exploring Immune-Related Biomarkers in Human Itch"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3651-6132","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulia","family":"Coscarella","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the,  Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy"},{"name":"UOC di Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Dr. Phillip Frost Dept of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Miami Itch Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Coral Gables, FL, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gil","family":"Yosipovitch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr. Phillip Frost Dept of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Miami Itch Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Coral Gables, FL, 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