{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T00:21:31Z","timestamp":1784593291245,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,1]],"date-time":"2013-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1364774400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Technology &amp; Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study examined \u03b2-cell function and insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance [HOMA-IR]) in Asian Indian youth with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM-Y) and prediabetes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Subjects and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Eighty-two subjects with non\u2013insulin-requiring type 2 diabetes and age of onset below 25 years were recruited within 18 months of diagnosis and compared with age- and sex-matched subjects with prediabetes (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      =31) and normal glucose tolerance (NGT) (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      =83). Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference were measured, and blood samples were taken in the fasting state and after 30, 60, 90, and 120\u2009min of an oral glucose load for assessment of plasma glucose and insulin levels. Insulin sensitivity\/resistance measures was calculated by using the reciprocal of the fasting insulin, the HOMA-IR equation, and the composite whole body insulin sensitivity index (Matsuda Index), and \u03b2-cell function was calculated by the oral disposition index (DI\n                      <jats:sub>o<\/jats:sub>\n                      ).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      T2DM-Y and prediabetes subjects had higher BMI, waist circumference, and fasting insulin than NGT subjects (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.05 for each). The 30-min insulin levels were lower in T2DM-Y and higher in prediabetes subjects compared with NGT (57 and 140 vs. 129\u2009\u03bcIU\/mL,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001). The T2DM-Y group had greater insulin resistance (HOMA-IR, 1.87 vs. 0.97;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.05) and lower \u03b2-cell function (DI\n                      <jats:sub>o<\/jats:sub>\n                      , 0.36 vs. 3.28;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001) than NGT. In separate models, the Matsuda Index and DI\n                      <jats:sub>o<\/jats:sub>\n                      were independently associated with prediabetes and T2DM-Y (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.05). However, when both were included together, only DI\n                      <jats:sub>o<\/jats:sub>\n                      remained associated with T2DM-Y, whereas both DI\n                      <jats:sub>o<\/jats:sub>\n                      and Matsuda Index were associated with prediabetes (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.05). When controlled for adiposity (BMI and waist circumference), an association was observed but in opposite directions, with waist being positively associated with prediabetes (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.016) and BMI negatively associated with T2DM-Y (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.009).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among Asian Indians, \u03b2-cell dysfunction appears to be more strongly associated with T2DM-Y than insulin resistance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2012.0259","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,13]],"date-time":"2013-03-13T09:38:49Z","timestamp":1363167529000},"page":"315-322","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["Associations of\n                    <i>\u03b2<\/i>\n                    -Cell Function and Insulin Resistance with Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes and Prediabetes Among Asian Indians"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Viswanathan","family":"Mohan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Madras Diabetes Research Foundation and Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anandakumar","family":"Amutha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Madras Diabetes Research Foundation and Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harish","family":"Ranjani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Madras Diabetes Research Foundation and Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ranjit","family":"Unnikrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Madras Diabetes Research Foundation and Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manjula","family":"Datta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Madras Diabetes Research Foundation and Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ranjit Mohan","family":"Anjana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Madras Diabetes Research Foundation and Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Staimez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emory University","place":["Georgia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed K.","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emory University","place":["Georgia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.M. 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