{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T07:51:53Z","timestamp":1791445913810,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,1]],"date-time":"2013-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1364774400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Technology &amp; Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study examined long-term effects of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) in clinical practice on glycemic control in patients with type 1 diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Subjects and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We evaluated all type 1 diabetes patients at 10 diabetes outpatient clinics in Sweden who had been treated with CSII for at least 5.5 years and had valid glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) data before starting pump use and at 5 years\u00b16 months. Controls treated with multiple daily insulin injections (MDI) over a time-matched period were also evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      There were 331 patients treated with CSII at least 5.5 years at the 10 clinics. Of these, 272 (82%) fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Patients treated with CSII were younger than those treated with MDI (mean age, 38.6 vs. 45.6 years;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001), more were women (56% vs. 43%;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001), and diabetes duration was shorter (mean, 15.1 years vs. 20.1 years;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001). After adjusting for variables differing at baseline and influencing the change in HbA1c over the study period, the reduction in HbA1c remained statistically significant at 5 years and was estimated to be 0.20% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.07\u20130.32) (2.17\u2009mmol\/mol [95% CI 0.81\u20133.53]) (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.002). The corresponding adjusted reduction at years 1 and 2 was 0.42% (95% CI 0.31\u20130.53) (4.59\u2009mmol\/mol [95% CI 3.41\u20135.77]) (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001) and 0.43% (95% CI 0.31\u20130.55) (4.71\u2009mmol\/mol [95% CI 3.38\u20136.04]) (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001), respectively. The effect of insulin pump use versus controls on HbA1c decreased significantly with time (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Use of CSII in clinical practice in Sweden is associated with an approximately 0.2% (2\u2009mmol\/mol) reduction in HbA1c after 5 years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2012.0286","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,28]],"date-time":"2013-03-28T14:34:51Z","timestamp":1364481291000},"page":"302-307","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Insulin Pump\u2014Long-Term Effects on Glycemic Control: An Observational Study at 10 Diabetes Clinics in Sweden"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Britt-Marie","family":"Carlsson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"S\u00c4S-Hospital Organization","place":["Sweden"]},{"name":"Sahlgrenska University","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stig","family":"Attvall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sahlgrenska University","place":["Sweden"]},{"name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Clements","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children's Mercy Hospitals & Clinics"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sridhar R.","family":"Gumpeny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrine and Diabetes Centre","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aldina","family":"Pivodic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Statistiska konsultgruppen","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lennart","family":"Sternemalm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcus","family":"Lind","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sahlgrenska University","place":["Sweden"]},{"name":"NU-Hospital Organization","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199309303291401"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa052187"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60471-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc08-s235"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1262-3636(08)73972-7"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","article-title":"Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) versus multiple insulin injections for type 1 diabetes mellitus","author":"Misso ML","year":"2010","unstructured":"Misso ML, , Egberts KJ, , Page M, , O'Connor D, , Shaw J. Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) versus multiple insulin injections for type 1 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2010; 1:CD005103.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00592-009-0132-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2004.01444.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2011.03517.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","unstructured":"www.journalia.se. 2012 September 1."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2007.0297"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0004412"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcd.2011.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2003.024802"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3310\/hta14110"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-5491.2002.00750.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","first-page":"637","article-title":"The influence of long-term therapy with the insulin pump (CSII) in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus on metabolic compensation, on the incidence of hypoglycaemia. Comparison with intensified conventional insulin therapy (MDI) [in Czech]","volume":"53","author":"Olsovsk\u00fd J","year":"2007","unstructured":"Olsovsk\u00fd J, , Ber\u00e1nek M. The influence of long-term therapy with the insulin pump (CSII) in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus on metabolic compensation, on the incidence of hypoglycaemia. Comparison with intensified conventional insulin therapy (MDI) [in Czech] Vnitr Lek, 2007; 53:637\u2013645.","journal-title":"Vnitr Lek"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pdi.1618"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-010-1706-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2008.02486.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2007.02346.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","unstructured":"Lind M. 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