{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T04:13:16Z","timestamp":1785816796860,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]],"date-time":"2019-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546300800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Diabetes Technology &amp; Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We investigated the efficacy and safety of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) initiation within 1 year of type 1 diabetes (T1D) diagnosis among children, adolescents, and adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Differences in mean A1c (primary outcome) and diabetes-related emergency visits (secondary outcome) for 2.5 years between early CGM users and non-CGM users were studied among 396 newly diagnosed patients with T1D (94% children [age &lt;18 years], 5% adults, 46% females) between January 2013 and December 2015 at Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes. The primary outcome was adjusted by age at diagnosis and gender.\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05 was considered significant.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Gender, ethnicity, body mass index, and A1c at diagnosis were similar between the groups. Irrespective of insulin delivery methods, CGM users had a significantly greater improvement in glycemic control than non-CGM users at 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 years. For 2.5 years of follow-up, the multiple daily injection (MDI)+CGM group (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200919) had 1.5%\u2009\u00b1\u20090.2% lower A1c than the MDI only group (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009225) (7.7%\u2009\u00b1\u20090.2% vs. 9.2%\u2009\u00b1\u20090.04%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001), and the insulin pump (continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion [CSII])+CGM group (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200962) had 0.7%\u2009\u00b1\u20090.1% lower A1c than the CSII only group (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200990) (8.0%\u2009\u00b1\u20090.08% vs. 8.7%\u2009\u00b1\u20090.07%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). The MDI+CGM group had significantly lower A1c than the CSII only group (7.7%\u2009\u00b1\u20090.2% vs. 8.7%\u2009\u00b1\u20090.07%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). The number of diabetes-related (severe hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia) emergency department visits was significantly lower among early CGM users compared with non-CGM users (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Irrespective of insulin delivery system, early initiation of CGM within 1 year from T1D diagnosis was associated with better glucose control and fewer diabetes-related emergency visits.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2018.0257","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,21]],"date-time":"2018-12-21T10:38:50Z","timestamp":1545388730000},"page":"6-10","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Glycemic Outcomes with Early Initiation of Continuous Glucose Monitoring System in Recently Diagnosed Patients with Type 1 Diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Giacomo","family":"Mulinacci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. Todd","family":"Alonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Campus, Aurora, Colorado."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janet K.","family":"Snell-Bergeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Campus, Aurora, Colorado."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viral N.","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Campus, Aurora, Colorado."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-018-4574-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-015-0146-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pedi.12085"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-017-0344-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc15-0078"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0805017"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.19975"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.19976"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2016.0171"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2011.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.2009.02271.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc16-2482"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-010-1878-6"}],"container-title":["Diabetes Technology &amp; Therapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/dia.2018.0257","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/dia.2018.0257","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/dia.2018.0257","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T18:18:11Z","timestamp":1777400291000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/dia.2018.0257"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/dia.2018.0257"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/dia.2018.0257","relation":{},"ISSN":["1520-9156","1557-8593"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1520-9156","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-8593","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]}}}