{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T12:19:39Z","timestamp":1777551579452,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,1]],"date-time":"2015-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1422748800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["DNA and Cell Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Apoptotic endonuclease G (EndoG) is responsible for DNA fragmentation both during and after cell death. Previous studies demonstrated that genetic inactivation of EndoG is cytoprotective against various pro-apoptotic stimuli; however, specific inhibitors for EndoG are not available. In this study, we have developed a high-throughput screening assay for EndoG and have used it to screen a chemical library. The screening resulted in the identification of two potent EndoG inhibitors, PNR-3-80 and PNR-3-82, which are thiobarbiturate analogs. As determined by their IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    s, the inhibitors are more potent than ZnCl\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    or EDTA. They inhibit EndoG at one or two orders of magnitude greater than another apoptotic endonuclease, DNase I, and do not inhibit the other five tested cell death-related enzymes: DNase II, RNase A, proteinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and superoxide dismutase 1. Exposure of natural EndoG-expressing 22Rv1 or EndoG-overexpressing PC3 cells rendered them significantly resistant to Cisplatin and Docetaxel, respectively. These novel EndoG inhibitors have the potential to be utilized for amelioration of cell injuries in which participation of EndoG is essential.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/dna.2014.2530","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,17]],"date-time":"2014-11-17T16:33:36Z","timestamp":1416242016000},"page":"92-100","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Novel Cytoprotective Inhibitors for Apoptotic Endonuclease G"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Dae Song","family":"Jang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Narsimha R.","family":"Penthala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eugene O.","family":"Apostolov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoying","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter A.","family":"Crooks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexei G.","family":"Basnakian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences"},{"name":"Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.01311.2010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1667\/RR1647.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.cdd.4402217"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2006.09.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/dna.1996.15.255"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_1","first-page":"499","volume-title":"Toxicology of the Kidney","author":"Basnakian A.G.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Basnakian A.G., , Kaushal G.P., , Ueda N., , and Shah S.V. (2005). Oxidant mechanisms in toxic acute renal failure. In Toxicology of the Kidney, 3rd edition. Tarloff J.B., and Lash L.H., eds. (CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL), pp. 499\u2013523.","edition":"3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V1341000"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/dna.2008.0850"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj1370143"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)94066-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7688144"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/34112"},{"issue":"27","key":"e_1_3_3_14_1","first-page":"29","article-title":"Apoptosis. DNA destroyers","volume":"412","author":"Hengartner M.O.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hengartner M.O. (2001). Apoptosis. DNA destroyers. 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