{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T18:15:35Z","timestamp":1778264135268,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,1]],"date-time":"2013-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1372636800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Endourology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The management of recurrent nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) post-transurethral resection has been based around electrocautery techniques, either under local or general anesthetic. We determine the long-term outcome of the management of NMIBC recurrences treated with Holmium:Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Ho:YAG) laser ablation under local anesthetic with a flexible cystoscope.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed a prospective analysis of 151 consecutive patients, undergoing treatment of 444 tumors, between 2006 and 2011 in a University Teaching Hospital. Median follow-up was 24 months (0\u201358 months). The primary outcome was local, on-site recurrence rates of NMIBC. The secondary outcome measure included off-site recurrence rates, complications, pain perception, and patient satisfaction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Local, on-site recurrence rates after first treatment for all NMIBC disease were 10%. In patients with low risk NMIBC (G1\/2, Ta), this reduced to around 4% post laser treatment. Higher recurrence rates (14%) were seen in those with high-grade (G3, T1) disease. Treatment was more successful with disease around the trigone, posterior and lateral bladder walls, with a significantly higher risk of recurrence for tumor around the ureteric orifice. The median time to local recurrence was 12 months and off-site recurrence was 25 months. Complication rates were low: dysuria (4.2%), frequency (1.5%), and hematuria (1.9%), with no episodes of bladder perforation. Visual analog pain scores were low, mean score 1 (range 0\u20137). The overall patient satisfaction was 100%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Flexible cystoscopy and Ho:YAG laser therapy should be considered as a first line treatment option for the management of recurrence in low-grade NMIBC (G1\/2, Ta\/1) throughout the bladder, except around the ureteric orifices. For those with high-grade disease (G3), the recurrences rates are increased, but the procedure still offers an acceptable recurrence rate. It provides good local disease control, low complications, patient acceptability and tolerance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2012.0696","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,28]],"date-time":"2013-03-28T12:40:58Z","timestamp":1364474458000},"page":"886-891","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Flexible Cystoscopy and Holmium:Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Laser Ablation for Recurrent Nonmuscle Invasive Bladder Carcinoma Under Local Anesthesia"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Haider A.","family":"Syed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Good Hope Hospital","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Talbot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Good Hope Hospital","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Abbas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Good Hope Hospital","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donald","family":"MacDonald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Good Hope Hospital","place":["United Kingdom"]},{"name":"University Hospital of Coventry and Warwickshire","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Good Hope Hospital","place":["United Kingdom"]},{"name":"Musgrove Park Hospital","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Timothy J.","family":"Marr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Western Australia","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicholas J.","family":"Rukin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Good Hope Hospital","place":["United Kingdom"]},{"name":"New Cross Hospital","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2009.12.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2005.05249.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)61778-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1308\/003588410X12699663904835"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)55677-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)67021-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000181797.19395.03"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","first-page":"307","article-title":"Destruction of bladder neoplasms by means of transurethral neodym-YAG-laser coagulation","volume":"45","author":"Staehler G","year":"1978","unstructured":"Staehler G, , Schmiedt E, , Hofstetter A. 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