{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T14:17:19Z","timestamp":1790691439818,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,1]],"date-time":"2017-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1488326400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,1]],"date-time":"2017-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1488326400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Endourology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine the effect of ureteral access sheath (UAS) on the expression of the pro-inflammatory mediators cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 (TNF-\u03b1) in the ureteral wall.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In 22 pigs an UAS was inserted and removed after 2 minutes on one side and 2 hours on the contralateral side. Postoperatively ureters were excised\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and tissue samples from the distal (2 minutes\/2 hours) and proximal ureter (2 minutes\/2 hours) were snap-frozen before quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of COX-2 and TNF-\u03b1. Five unmanipulated ureteral units from other pigs served as the control group.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compared to controls COX-2 mRNA was significantly upregulated in all UAS treated ureteral groups. Similarly, TNF-\u03b1 mRNA was upregulated in all groups except the 2-minute proximal ureteral group. Both COX-2 and TNF-\u03b1 expression were significantly higher in the distal than in the proximal ureter in the UAS treated ureters. After UAS insertion for 2 minutes, expression levels in the distal ureter were increased 6.5- and 8-fold for COX-2 and TNF-\u03b1, respectively; and after 2 hours of UAS placement COX-2 and TNF-\u03b1 mRNA expression levels were increased 9- and 9.5-fold, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The pro-inflammatory mediators COX-2 and TNF-\u03b1 were significantly upregulated in the ureteral wall by the influence of UAS. These findings may have implications for postoperative pain, drainage, and complications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2016.0773","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,21]],"date-time":"2016-12-21T03:50:31Z","timestamp":1482292231000},"page":"307-313","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Ureteral Access Sheath Influence on the Ureteral Wall Evaluated by Cyclooxygenase-2 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-\u03b1 in a Porcine Model"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"S\u00f8ren Kissow","family":"Lildal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lillebaelt Hospital","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"University of Southern Denmark","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rikke","family":"N\u00f8rregaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aarhus University","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kim Hovgaard","family":"Andreassen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lillebaelt Hospital","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"University of Southern Denmark","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederikke Eichner","family":"Christiansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lillebaelt Hospital","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"University of Southern Denmark","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helene","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lillebaelt Hospital","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"University of Southern Denmark","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malene Roland","family":"Pedersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern Denmark","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"Lillebaelt Hospital","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Palle J\u00f6rn Sloth","family":"Osther","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lillebaelt Hospital","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"University of Southern Denmark","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/089277904322836631"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)66527-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrurol.2015.271"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/089277901753205843"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2012.08.197"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOU.0000000000000235"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/089277902320913288"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)64630-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5001616"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2008.0239"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.105.099184"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2008.04.048"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","first-page":"CD006027","article-title":"Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and non-opioids for acute renal colic (Review)","author":"Afshar K","year":"2015","unstructured":"Afshar K, , Jafari S, , Aj M, , Eftekhari A, , Ae M. 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