{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T07:53:06Z","timestamp":1780473186999,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Endourology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Outcomes after ultrasound-only percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), in which no fluoroscopy is used, are not well known. The goal of this study was to compare outcomes of ultrasound-only and fluoroscopy-directed PCNL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospectively collected data from the Registry for Stones of the Kidney and Ureter database were reviewed for all patients who underwent PCNL at one academic center from 2015 to 2021. Primary outcomes were complications and stone-free rates (no residual fragments \u22653\u2009mm).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of the 141 patients who underwent ultrasound-only PCNL and 147 who underwent fluoroscopy-directed PCNL, there was no difference in complication rates (15%\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">vs<\/jats:italic>\n                      16%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.87) or stone-free status (71%\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">vs<\/jats:italic>\n                      65%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.72), respectively. After adjusting for body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA), stone size, and stone complexity by Guy score, ultrasound-only PCNL was not associated with any increased odds of complications (odds ratio [OR] 0.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.3\u20131.6,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.41) or residual stone fragments \u22653\u2009mm (OR 1.0, 95% CI 0.5\u20131.9,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.972) compared with fluoroscopy-directed PCNL. Ultrasound-only PCNL was associated with shorter operative time (median 99.5\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">vs<\/jats:italic>\n                      126 minutes,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and the use of ultrasound remained a significant predictor of short operative time (&lt;100 minutes) after controlling for supine positioning, stone size, and stone complexity by Guy score (OR 2.31, 95% CI 1.01\u20135.29,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.048). Patients in the ultrasound-only group were spared a mean radiation exposure dose of 10 mGy per procedure.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ultrasound-only PCNL is safe and achieves similar stone-free rates compared with fluoroscopy-directed PCNL with the added benefit of avoidance of radiation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2022.0761","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,13]],"date-time":"2023-04-13T03:03:17Z","timestamp":1681354997000},"page":"634-641","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Ultrasound-Only Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Is Safe and Effective Compared to Fluoroscopy-Directed Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5592-6017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregory W.","family":"Hosier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nizar","family":"Hakam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fadl","family":"Hamouche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xavier","family":"Cortez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4765-5402","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leslie","family":"Charondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1278-0150","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heiko","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carter","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 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