{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T13:27:21Z","timestamp":1777642041834,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,1]],"date-time":"2013-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1362096000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Foodborne Pathogens and Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence and resistance gene content of class 1 and 2 integrons among\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Shigella<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. and to study the genetic diversity of isolates using the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) method.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 32\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Shigella<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. were identified from 700 stool samples of patients with diarrhea from two provinces in Iran.\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. sonnei<\/jats:italic>\n                      (70.8%) and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. flexneri<\/jats:italic>\n                      (62.5%) were the most frequent serogroups in Tehran and Razavi Khorasan provinces, respectively. Class 2 integrons were more frequent among\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Shigella<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. in comparison with class 1 integrons. Three different resistance gene arrays were identified among class 1 integrons. Dihydrofolate reductase (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">dfrA)<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene cassette was detected in 78.9% of total integrons (class 1 and 2). PFGE analysis revealed clonal dissemination (62.5%) of a single clone with identical class 2 resistance gene content in Tehran province. Comparison of our\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Shigella<\/jats:italic>\n                      pulsotypes with those published from other countries showed similar pulsotypes in India and Korea, with identical resistance profiles, which suggests dissemination of this (these) clone(s) in Asian countries.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Class 2 integrons were found to be predominant among our\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Shigella<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. This reflects the need to monitor the acquisition and dissemination of different resistant gene cassettes among integrons. Comparison of PFGE pattern through standard procedures promoted the molecular epidemiological surveys and identification of clonal isolates in Iran and other Asian countries.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2012.1250","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,14]],"date-time":"2013-03-14T14:22:33Z","timestamp":1363270953000},"page":"237-242","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Genetic Diversity of\n                    <i>Shigella<\/i>\n                    spp. and Their Integron Content"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Nazanin","family":"Eftekhari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tarbiat Modares University","place":["Iran"]},{"name":"Islamic Azad University","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bita","family":"Bakhshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tarbiat Modares University","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad R.","family":"Pourshafie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pasteur Institute of Iran","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Behnaz","family":"Zarbakhsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pasteur Institute of Iran","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Rahbar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reference Health Laboratories Research Center","place":["Iran"]},{"name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Massoud","family":"Hajia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reference Health Laboratories Research Center","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kiarash","family":"Ghazvini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Avecenna Research Institute","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2009.0885"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.46725-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/600301"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","first-page":"594","article-title":"Virulence factors and resistance profile of Shigella isolated during infectious diarrhea in Abidjan, C\u00f4te D'Ivoire","volume":"6","author":"Antoine B","year":"2010","unstructured":"Antoine B, , Adjehi D, , Nathalie G, , Valerie G, , Etienne D, , Marcellin DJE, , Mireille D. 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