{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T13:22:52Z","timestamp":1777641772810,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,1]],"date-time":"2014-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1401580800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Foodborne Pathogens and Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    is one of the major bacterial species that may cause clinical infection and food-poisoning cases. Strains of this bacterial species may produce a series of superantigens (SAgs) (i.e., staphylococcal enterotoxins [SEs], staphylococcal enterotoxin-like toxins, and toxic shock syndrome toxin). In this study,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains from clinical samples and food-poisoning cases in Taiwan were collected; their SAg profiles, and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Sma<\/jats:italic>\n                    I digestion patterns determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), were then analyzed. Results showed that their SAg gene profiles and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Sma<\/jats:italic>\n                    I digestion patterns of chromosomal DNA were highly diverse. Although PFGE has been used as a criterion standard for typing of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains, and the SAg profiles have been used in combination with PFGE for typing of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains, we found that strains grouped in these combined patterns could be further discriminated by the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method. Thus, the combined use of SAg profiles, PFGE, and RAPD patterns permits high discrimination for typing of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains from not only the clinical samples but also the food-poisoning cases. Such a combined method may be used as a highly accurate approach for epidemiological study and tracing of the contamination origin of staphylococcal infections either in hospitals or food-poisoning cases.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2013.1708","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,5]],"date-time":"2014-05-05T19:57:35Z","timestamp":1399319855000},"page":"468-477","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Improvement of Strain Discrimination by Combination of Superantigen Profiles, PFGE, and RAPD for\n                    <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>\n                    Isolates from Clinical Samples and Food-Poisoning Cases"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Yu-Cheng","family":"Chiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hung Kuang University","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chieh-Hsien","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dayeh University","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chia-Wei","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hung Kuang University","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chi-Yue","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dayeh University","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hau-Yang","family":"Tsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hung Kuang University","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","article-title":"Molecular relatedness of methicillin-resistant S. aureus isolates from staff, environment and pets at university veterinary hospital in Malaysia","volume":"8","author":"Aklilu E","year":"2012","unstructured":"Aklilu E, , Zakaria Z, , Hassan L, , Cheng CH. Molecular relatedness of methicillin-resistant S. aureus isolates from staff, environment and pets at university veterinary hospital in Malaysia. 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