{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T05:00:35Z","timestamp":1789621235897,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,1]],"date-time":"2017-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1506816000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Foodborne Pathogens and Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    A total of 765 samples were collected from beef carcasses, knives, cutting table surfaces, beef, hands, air, and water from four cattle slaughterhouses of Kerala, South India, to determine the occurrence and antibiotic susceptibility of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Listeria<\/jats:italic>\n                    species and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Listeria<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. were isolated from beef carcasses (2.0%), knives (3.7%), cutting table surfaces (1.9%), beef (0.7%), and water (1.3%). The identified species were\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Listeria monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    (0.1%),\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Listeria innocua<\/jats:italic>\n                    (0.9%), and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Listeria ivanovii<\/jats:italic>\n                    (0.4%). Most of the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Listeria<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. were susceptible to majority of the antibiotics tested. The virulence genes were not detected in\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Listeria<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. However, all the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">L. innocua<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates were found to harbor the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">iap<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene. The overall occurrence of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    in slaughterhouses was 50.8%. The highest occurrence was observed on hands of abattoir workers (79.6%) and beef carcasses (59.9%). The isolates were commonly resistant to penicillin (38.0%), followed by ceftriaxone (31.9%), ampicillin (29.0%), amoxicillin (28.8%), tetracycline (24.4%), and chloramphenicol (23.9%). Overall, 53.0% of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates were resistant to three or more antibiotics. Vancomycin and methicillin resistance were observed in 8.5% and 5.4% of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates, respectively. Eight methicillin-resistant\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates were found to harbor the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">mec<\/jats:italic>\n                    A gene. In conclusion,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Listeria<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. was only rarely found in the slaughterhouse environment and on beef. Nevertheless, the recovery of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    from a water reservoir containing sea water that was used to wash carcasses indicates the potential risk of contamination of the carcasses with\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">L. monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    when using sea water.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    was frequently isolated from abattoir workers and beef carcasses, and the occurrence of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    differed significantly between slaughterhouses. The high occurrence of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , which were often resistant toward different antibiotics, represents a significant public health concern.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2017.2293","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,25]],"date-time":"2017-07-25T15:44:28Z","timestamp":1500997468000},"page":"573-579","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Occurrence and Antibiotic Susceptibility of\n                    <i>Listeria<\/i>\n                    Species and\n                    <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>\n                    in Cattle Slaughterhouses of Kerala, South India"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Tanuja K.G.M.","family":"Gowda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University","place":["India"]},{"name":"Ghent University","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Latha","family":"C.","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunil","family":"B.","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Inge","family":"Van Damme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ghent University","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","unstructured":"Agricultural and processed food products export development authority (APEDA). 2015. 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