{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T13:34:07Z","timestamp":1777642447779,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]],"date-time":"2019-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551398400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Foodborne Pathogens and Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    To evaluate the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    prevalence and its antimicrobial susceptibility in dual-purpose cattle farms, fecal (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20093964; from cows and calves) and environmental samples (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009334; personnel, feed, and water sources) were collected over a 1-year period at six farms in the eastern region of Zulia State, Venezuela.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    detection was carried out using standard microbiological culture methods. From 453 isolated\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    , antimicrobial susceptibility was tested using a panel of 10 antibiotics by the disk diffusion test method. Overall, the prevalence of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    at the farm was 10.4% (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009410\/3964), being positive for\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    in at least in one sample.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    was found in 11% (222\/2009) of cows and 9.7% (188\/1937) of calves. The prevalence of environmental samples was 10.78% (36\/334), where water sources and milkers' hands showed higher occurrence (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Among the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates recovered, 10.2% displayed resistance to tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, penicillins, sulfonamides, quinolones and fluoroquinolones. Overall, multidrug resistance was 9.1%, and the most common combination was cephalothin\u2013gentamicin\u2013tetracycline, followed by gentamicin\u2013norfloxacin\u2013tetracycline. Over the course of this study, it was found that 100% of the evaluated farms had cattle shedding\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    and that the surrounding farm environments were contaminated, which contributed to the cycling of the pathogen at the farms and further contamination of the milk. However, only a low percentage of isolates exhibited significant antimicrobial resistance.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2018.2515","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,27]],"date-time":"2018-11-27T15:31:06Z","timestamp":1543332666000},"page":"205-213","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["<i>Salmonella<\/i>\n                    Prevalence and Antimicrobial Drug Resistance in Dual-Purpose Cattle Operations in the Eastern Region of Zulia State, Venezuela"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Yrimar","family":"Fuenmayor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Science","place":["Venezuela"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Argenis","family":"Rodas-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Manitoba","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriela","family":"Carruyo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Science","place":["Venezuela"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Armando E.","family":"Hoet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ohio State University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Wittum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ohio State University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Narv\u00e1ez-Bravo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Manitoba","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkt469"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","volume-title":"Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Disk and Dilution Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria Isolated from Animals","author":"CLSI","year":"2002","unstructured":"CLSI. 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Volume 2018. 2009. Available at: https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/health-canada\/services\/drugs-healthproducts\/veterinary-drugs\/antimicrobial-resistance\/categorizationantimicrobial-drugs-based-importance-human-medicine.html Accessed August9 2018."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/318457"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6382605"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_1","unstructured":"INE. Informe Geoambiental 2007. Instituto Nacional de Estad\u00edstica. Republica Bolivariana de Venezuela. 2007. 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