{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T04:21:18Z","timestamp":1784866878252,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,1]],"date-time":"2020-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596240000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,1]],"date-time":"2020-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596240000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Foodborne Pathogens and Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major public health threat worldwide. The main objective of this study was to compare AMR in\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Campylobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                    from broiler chickens raised on Canadian farms and their products in different geographical regions of Canada. To do this, antimicrobial susceptibility results from isolates of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Campylobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                    recovered from a national microbiological baseline study conducted in federally registered establishments and in the retail marketplace were analyzed. Among 1460 isolates tested, 774 (53%) were resistant to at least one antimicrobial, with a predominance of three profiles: tetracycline (39%), quinolone\u2013tetracycline (6.6%), and quinolones only (3.5%). The results showed no significant difference in the frequency of resistant profiles (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009\u2265\u20090.05) among the isolates originating from different points in the food processing chain at slaughterhouses and in retail establishments. This suggests that AMR observed in\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Campylobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates from raw chicken at retail originated further upstream in the system. A difference in the frequency of certain resistance profiles was observed between the regions of Canada. For instance, in British Columbia, there was more resistance to quinolones, while in Ontario and Quebec,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Campylobacter<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates were more resistant to tetracyclines, macrolides, ketolides, and lincosamides. Comparison of AMR data from this study with those from the Canadian Integrated Program for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance (CIPARS) did not show any significant difference and provides evidence that CIPARS produces nationally representative resistance results.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2019.2752","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,4]],"date-time":"2020-03-04T16:03:21Z","timestamp":1583337801000},"page":"512-520","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Antimicrobial Resistance of\n                    <i>Campylobacter<\/i>\n                    in Broiler Chicken Along the Food Chain in Canada"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Ousmane","family":"Dram\u00e9","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Safety Science Directorate, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa, Canada."},{"name":"Groupe de recherche en \u00e9pid\u00e9miologie des zoonoses et sant\u00e9 publique, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Leclair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Safety Science Directorate, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. Jane","family":"Parmley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Foodborne, Environmental and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Deckert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Foodborne, Environmental and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Blaise","family":"Ouattara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food Safety Science Directorate, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle","family":"Daignault","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Microbiology Laboratory at Saint-Hyacinthe, Public Health Agency of Canada, Saint-Hyacinthe, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Ravel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Groupe de recherche en \u00e9pid\u00e9miologie des zoonoses et sant\u00e9 publique, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1907.111417"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/319760"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_1","unstructured":"CDC. Antibiotic Resistance Threats in the United States 2013. 2014. Available at www.cdc.gov\/drugresistance\/threat-report-2013\/pdf\/ar-threats-2013-508.pdf accessed August20 2019."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_1","unstructured":"CFIA. National Microbiological Baseline Study in Broiler Chicken: December 2012 \u2013 December 2013. 2016. Available at: www.inspection.gc.ca\/DAM\/DAM-food-aliments\/STAGING\/text-texte\/chem_testing_report_2012-2013_broiler_chicken_1471382238248_eng.pdf accessed August20 2019."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_1","unstructured":"Chicken Farmers of Canada. The Antimicrobial Use Reduction Strategy. 2013. Available at: https:\/\/www.chickenfarmers.ca\/the-antimicrobial-use-reduction-strategy\/ accessed August20 2019."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.71.7.4108-4111.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6512a1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/176494"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268813000332"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.12063"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_1","first-page":"2597","article-title":"The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food-borne outbreaks in 2010","volume":"10","author":"EFSA","year":"2012","unstructured":"EFSA. The European Union summary report on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food-borne outbreaks in 2010. EFSA J, 2012; 10:2597.","journal-title":"EFSA J"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_1","first-page":"4036","article-title":"EU summary report on antimicrobial resistance in zoonotic and indicator bacteria from humans, animals and food in 2013","volume":"13","author":"EFSA","year":"2015","unstructured":"EFSA. EU summary report on antimicrobial resistance in zoonotic and indicator bacteria from humans, animals and food in 2013. EFSA J, 2015; 13:4036.","journal-title":"EFSA J"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_1","first-page":"121","volume-title":"Campylobacter","author":"Friedman CR","year":"2000","unstructured":"Friedman CR, , Neimann J, , Wegener H C, , Tauxe RV. Epidemiology of Campylobacter jejuni infections in the United States and other industrialized nations. In: Campylobacter, 2nd ed. Nachamkin I, , Blaser MJ (eds.). Washington, DC: ASM Press, 2000, pp. 121\u2013138.","edition":"2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_1","volume-title":"MLG 41.00, Microbiology Laboratory Guidebook","author":"FSIS","year":"2011","unstructured":"FSIS. 2011. Isolation, identification, and enumeration of Campylobacter jejuni\/coli\/lari from poultry rinse and sponge samples. MLG 41.00, Microbiology Laboratory Guidebook. Athens, GA: USDA, 2011."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1302.060587"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkl210"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_1","first-page":"163","article-title":"Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance among Campylobacter spp","volume":"6","author":"Han F","year":"2009","unstructured":"Han F, , Lestari SI, , Pu S, , Ge B. 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