{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T22:58:20Z","timestamp":1792623500238,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Foodborne Pathogens and Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Poultry has been suggested as an important source for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria that can lead to difficult-to treat infections in humans. Therefore, this study aims to determine the frequency, the genetics, and antimicrobial resistance profiles of ESBL-producing\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    in domestic free-range poultry in Agogo, Ghana. The study was set up and piloted from January 2019 until June 2019. Between June and December 2019, fecal samples (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009144) were collected from free-roaming chickens from domestic farms in the regions of Sukuumu, Bontodiase, and Freetown and cultured on ESBL screening agar. Strain identification and antibiotic susceptibility were performed using the VITEK 2 compact system. ESBL-producing\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    were confirmed using the double disk synergy test. Molecular characterization of ESBL-associated genes (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>TEM<\/jats:sub>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>SHV<\/jats:sub>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>CTX-M<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) were performed using conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and further sequencing of obtained PCR amplicons. The result showed that 56.2% (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \/\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200981\/144) of collected fecal samples were positive for ESBL-producing\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Majority of the isolates showed resistance to tetracycline (93.8%,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \/\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200976\/81) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (66.7,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \/\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200954\/81), whereas resistance to carbapenems was not found. The majority of ESBL-producing\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    carried the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>CTX-M<\/jats:sub>\n                    genes, with\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>CTX-M-15<\/jats:sub>\n                    being the dominant (95.1%,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \/\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200977\/81) genotype. In this study, we report high frequencies of ESBL-producing\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    in smallholder free-range poultry representing a potential source of infection, highlighting the need for control of antibiotic use and animal hygiene\/sanitation measures, both important from a One Health perspective.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2022.0060","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,13]],"date-time":"2023-02-13T10:41:12Z","timestamp":1676284872000},"page":"59-66","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Prevalence, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Resistance of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing\n                    <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>\n                    from Domestic Free-Range Poultry in Agogo, Ghana"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Charity Wiafe","family":"Akenten","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine (KCCR), Kumasi, Ghana."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda Aurelia","family":"Ofori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Theoretical and Applied Biology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5974-5718","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neyaz Ahmed","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group One Health Bacteriology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine (BNITM), Hamburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joyce","family":"Mbwana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR), Tanga, Tanzania."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nimako","family":"Sarpong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine (KCCR), Kumasi, Ghana."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00fcrgen","family":"May","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Infectious Disease epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine (BNITM), Hamburg, Germany."},{"name":"German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner site Hamburg-L\u00fcbeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany."},{"name":"Tropical Medicine II, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thorsten","family":"Thye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Infectious Disease epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine (BNITM), Hamburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kwasi","family":"Obiri-Danso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Theoretical and Applied Biology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellis Kobina","family":"Paintsil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine (KCCR), Kumasi, Ghana."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dennis","family":"Fosu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine (KCCR), Kumasi, Ghana."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard Odame","family":"Philipps","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kumasi Centre for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine (KCCR), Kumasi, Ghana."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Eibach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Infectious Disease epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine (BNITM), Hamburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralf","family":"Krumkamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Infectious Disease epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine (BNITM), Hamburg, Germany."},{"name":"German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner site Hamburg-L\u00fcbeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denise","family":"Dekker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group One Health Bacteriology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine (BNITM), Hamburg, 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