{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T00:48:36Z","timestamp":1780102116212,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,10]],"date-time":"2025-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744243200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Foodborne Pathogens and Disease"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial activity and mechanism of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Polygonum sibiricum<\/jats:italic>\n                    extract (PSE) against\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Cronobacter sakazakii<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. sakazakii<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) isolated from powdered infant formula (PIF). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and growth curves were measured to evaluate the antibacterial effects. The antibacterial mechanism was elucidated by revealing the changes in cell membrane potential, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, cell membrane permeability, protein and nucleic acid leakage, and cell morphology of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. sakazakii<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The antibacterial effects of PSE against\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. sakazakii<\/jats:italic>\n                    in biofilm on stainless steel and in PIF were further analyzed. The results showed that the MIC and MBC of PSE against\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. sakazakii<\/jats:italic>\n                    were 4 mg\/mL and 8 mg\/mL, respectively. The growth of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. sakazakii<\/jats:italic>\n                    can be completely inhibited by two MIC of PSE. Cell membrane depolarization, increased and then decreased intracellular ROS content, significantly increased cell membrane permeability (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.05), more leakage of intracellular protein and nucleic acid, and severely damaged cell morphology were found in\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. sakazakii<\/jats:italic>\n                    after treatment with PSE. Furthermore, PSE can significantly reduce the viable bacteria count of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. sakazakii<\/jats:italic>\n                    in biofilm on stainless steel and in PIF (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.05). These findings suggest that PSE has the potential to serve as a natural antibacterial agent to reduce contamination by\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. sakazakii<\/jats:italic>\n                    in PIF.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2025.0019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,10]],"date-time":"2025-04-10T13:01:00Z","timestamp":1744290060000},"page":"239-245","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["<i>Polygonatum sibiricum<\/i>\n                    Extract Inactivates\n                    <i>Cronobacter sakazakii<\/i>\n                    Isolated from Powdered Infant Formula"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Yunhe","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering Institute, Guiyang University, Guiyang, China."},{"name":"Engineering Technology Research Center for Processing and Comprehensive Utilization of Idesia polycarpa of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Guiyang, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiru","family":"Zhai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Zhang Zhongjing Health Care and Food, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science, Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiujuan","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science and Engineering, Changchun University, Changchun, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zekun","family":"Pang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Zhang Zhongjing Health Care and Food, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science, Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongxia","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering Institute, Guiyang University, Guiyang, China."},{"name":"Engineering Technology Research Center for Processing and Comprehensive Utilization of Idesia polycarpa of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Guiyang, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yilin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Zhang Zhongjing Health Care and Food, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7895-4603","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peng","family":"Fei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Technology Research Center for Processing and Comprehensive Utilization of Idesia polycarpa of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Guiyang, China."},{"name":"School of Zhang Zhongjing Health Care and Food, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruxue","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Zhang Zhongjing Health Care and Food, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, 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