{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T11:36:12Z","timestamp":1790163372622,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Facial Plastic Surgery &amp; Aesthetic Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Importance:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>It is important to recognize factors that may mitigate the risk of a potential lawsuit and increase knowledge and awareness of physicians.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate and characterize facial nerve paralysis litigation claims and related potential causes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design, Setting, and Participants:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These data were extracted from the two main computerized legal databases: WestLaw and LexisNexis. The data were queried on April 2, 2020. The records from 1919 to 2020 were obtained from a population-based setting. A total of 186 cases were included. Data were gathered for all alleged cases of facial nerve paralysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcomes and Measures:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There was a continuous rise in the amount of malpractice payments with the highest mean amount being in the past decade.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      From 1919 to 2020, a total of 186 malpractice cases for facial nerve damage were identified. A total amount of $89,178,857.99 was rewarded to plaintiffs in 66 cases. The mean amount of paid malpractice claim was $1,351,194.80. Improper performance\/treatment was the most common reason for alleged litigation (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200997). This was followed by misdiagnosis\/delayed diagnosis (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200947), and failure of informed consent (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200934). The highest number of malpractice claims with a total of 53 cases was from 1991 to 2000. The highest mean amount per payment was in the past decade (2011\u20132020) with a mean of $3,841,052.68.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Relevance:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Over the past century, improper performance\/procedure, delayed\/misdiagnosis, and failure of informed consent were the most common reasons for litigations related to facial nerve paralysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/fpsam.2020.0390","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,21]],"date-time":"2020-12-21T17:24:13Z","timestamp":1608571453000},"page":"417-421","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["A Century in Review: Medicolegal Implications of Facial Nerve Paralysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Kasra","family":"Ziai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shivam","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sydnie","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Shokri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessyka G.","family":"Lighthall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA."},{"name":"Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","volume-title":"To Err is Human: Building a Safer Health System","author":"Institute of Medicine Committee on Quality of Health Care in A.","unstructured":"Institute of Medicine Committee on Quality of Health Care in A. 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