{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T04:55:50Z","timestamp":1782968150548,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2_suppl","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]],"date-time":"2022-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664236800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Facial Plastic Surgery &amp; Aesthetic Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Facial feminization surgery can include forehead feminizing cranioplasty (FFC). The reshaped bones are fixated together with titanium plates and screws.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To define the authors' preferred plating patterns and measure complications of bony nonunion when less hardware is applied.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 7-year retrospective review of patients who underwent FFC was conducted. Data collection included cranioplasty technique, fixation patterns, and complications. Traditional fixation (\u22652 screws on each side of the osteotomy) was compared with conservative fixation (&lt;2 screws).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 483 patients were identified with a median of 241 days of follow-up (interquartile range: 8\u2013528 days). Most patients (77.8%) had frontal bone fixation with microplates and screws. The most common combination was placement of two plates with four screws in total, comprising two screws on each plate, with one screw on each side of the fracture line (305\/483, 63.1%). No signs or symptoms of bone flap mobility were noted on examination.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Conservative fixation of the anterior table does not appear to increase signs of nonunion in forehead reshaping gender-affirming surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/fpsam.2022.0018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,28]],"date-time":"2022-09-28T09:55:06Z","timestamp":1664358906000},"page":"33-37","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Frontal Bone Cranioplasty for Facial Feminization in Gender-Affirming Surgery: Can Fewer Screws Fixate Bone and Avoid Nonunion?"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4224-978X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA."},{"name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacquelyn","family":"Piraquive","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9890-0653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey H.","family":"Spiegel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."},{"name":"The Spiegel Center, Newton, Massachusetts, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsc.2007.11.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.21187"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198705000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198607000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamafacial.2019.0606"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2010.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-020-01664-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/bjom.1999.0178"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-3399521"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599814567869"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000005645"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cps.2018.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102637"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jspd.2017.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-011-1736-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-015-3700-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_1997_034_0353_tmabdc_2.3.co_2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000000765"}],"container-title":["Facial Plastic Surgery &amp; 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