{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T13:47:06Z","timestamp":1777643226050,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]],"date-time":"2024-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717200000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Facial Plastic Surgery &amp; Aesthetic Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The paramedian forehead flap (PMFF) is a well-established technique utilized for reconstruction of complex nasal defects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To identify the different techniques and management of patients undergoing PMFF reconstruction and compare these with current literature.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Members of the American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery were sent a practice survey highlighting various nuances in PMFF reconstruction. The survey included questions about flap design, operative techniques, and perioperative care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In total, 172 responses were received (14% response rate). Mean years of practice after fellowship was 15.8 years with most respondents performing either 1\u20135 (33.1%) or 6\u201310 (27.3%) PMFFs per year. Common practices included the use of general anesthesia, elevation of PMFF in the subgaleal plane (59.6%), and pedicle division at 3 weeks (80%) (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Complication rates ranged between 1% and 5%. The nose was the most common site for revision (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and the average number of secondary procedures after forehead flap division was 1.1 (standard deviation 0.81). The most variability in responses was seen for methods of internal lining reconstruction.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Reconstructive surgeons frequently divide the PMFF pedicle at 3 weeks or later and have variable approaches to reconstruction of the internal lining with low complication rates overall.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/fpsam.2023.0115","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,27]],"date-time":"2023-12-27T14:01:30Z","timestamp":1703685690000},"page":"256-261","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Forehead Flap Practices: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2070-2897","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicole G.","family":"DeSisto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ethan H.","family":"Arnaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naweed","family":"Chowdhury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seth J.","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyle S.","family":"Kimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Scott J.","family":"Stephan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5850-2172","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Priyesh N.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shiayin F.","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamafacial.2015.2002"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamafacial.2016.0099"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/JCAS.JCAS_56_19"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000005121"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.20488"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2020.05.079"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamafacial.2015.0171"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2011.01.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.27051"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dsu.12338"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DSS.0000000000002540"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2018.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3181954036"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DSS.0000000000001504"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1351231"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000004976"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1992.01880040031006"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.2005.31829"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0036-1597988"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsc.2010.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DSS.0000000000000112"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coms.2014.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000008098"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdin.2020.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000009030"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsc.2017.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0194-59989570014-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_29_2","first-page":"e55","article-title":"Smoking as a risk factor for forehead flap wound outcomes: an analysis of 1030 patients","volume":"22","author":"Puyana S","year":"2022","unstructured":"Puyana S, , Puyana C, , Hajebian HH, , Jansen DA, , Chaffin AE. Smoking as a risk factor for forehead flap wound outcomes: an analysis of 1030 patients. Eplasty. 2022; 22:e55.","journal-title":"Eplasty"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpra.2022.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamafacial.2018.1855"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/fpsam.2020.0570"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042728-200501000-00015"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.07.029"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-020-02153-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0036-1597950"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.20243"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-022-03060-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0000000000000625"}],"container-title":["Facial Plastic Surgery &amp; Aesthetic Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/fpsam.2023.0115","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/fpsam.2023.0115","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/fpsam.2023.0115","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T06:25:29Z","timestamp":1777443929000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/fpsam.2023.0115"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/fpsam.2023.0115"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/fpsam.2023.0115","relation":{},"ISSN":["2689-3614","2689-3622"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2689-3614","type":"print"},{"value":"2689-3622","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,1]]}}}