{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T18:36:22Z","timestamp":1777660582958,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612137600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Genetic Testing and Molecular Biomarkers"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Urinary microRNA (miRNA)-21 is a biomarker for acute kidney injury (AKI). We conducted this study to determine if a urinary exosomal analysis for this biomarker could serve as a novel diagnostic approach for detecting kidney disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We investigated the clinical significance of urinary exosomal miRNA-21 levels for AKI in scrub typhus patients. We collected 138 urine samples from scrub typhus patients at the time of admission. Urinary exosomal miRNA-21 was assessed in 25 age- and sex-matched scrub typhus patients with and without AKI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The total leukocyte count was higher in AKI patients than in non-AKI patients (10.40\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      \/mL vs. 6.40\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      \/mL,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Urinary exosomal miRNA-21 levels were higher in the AKI group than in the non-AKI group (20.1\u2009\u00b1\u20091.2 vs. 17.8\u2009\u00b1\u20091.8 \u0394Ct value of miRNA-21,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Additionally, the miRNA-21 levels correlated directly with the total leukocyte counts and inversely with the estimated glomerular filtration rate. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated good discriminative power for the diagnosis of scrub typhus-associated AKI, with an area under the curve value of 0.907.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Urinary exosomal miRNA-21 could be a surrogate marker for scrub typhus-associated AKI diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/gtmb.2020.0238","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,17]],"date-time":"2021-02-17T16:40:45Z","timestamp":1613580045000},"page":"140-144","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Urinary Exosomal microRNA-21 as a Marker for Scrub Typhus-Associated Acute Kidney Injury"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Chi Young","family":"Yun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Christian Medical Research Center, Presbyterian Medical Center, Jeonju, Korea."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ji Hye","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Presbyterian Medical Center, Jeonju, Korea."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ju Hwan","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Presbyterian Medical Center, Jeonju, Korea."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A Young","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Presbyterian Medical Center, Jeonju, Korea."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kwang Young","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Presbyterian Medical Center, Jeonju, Korea."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"In O","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Presbyterian Medical Center, Jeonju, Korea."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2012.256"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1019055108"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10157-012-0753-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfq477"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/cc2872"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3003205"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0063390"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40246-016-0085-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_1","first-page":"475","article-title":"Acute renal failure associated with scrub typhus: report of a case","volume":"92","author":"Hsu GJ","year":"1993","unstructured":"Hsu GJ, , Young T, , Peng MY, et al. (1993) Acute renal failure associated with scrub typhus: report of a case. J Formos Med Assoc, 92:475-477.","journal-title":"J Formos Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2015.00065"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2006.077180"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13238-013-3085-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-018-4631-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_1","first-page":"954","article-title":"Scrub typhus","volume":"53","author":"Mahajan SK","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mahajan SK (2005) Scrub typhus. J Assoc Physician India, 53:954-958.","journal-title":"J Assoc Physician India"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0804549105"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfu341"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfs210"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00128.2014"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/1354750X.2012.657246"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8080773"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00368.2018"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.118.11766"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0175890","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0175890","article-title":"Clinical significance of NGAL and KIM-1 for acute kidney injury in patients with scrub typhus","volume":"12","author":"Sun IO","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sun IO, , Shin SH, , Cho AY, et al. (2017) Clinical significance of NGAL and KIM-1 for acute kidney injury in patients with scrub typhus. 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